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Biology Vocab 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | basic units of organisms |
| compound light microscope | uses a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps |
| cell theory | |
| electron microscope | uses a beam of electrons instead of light |
| organelle | small specialized structure contained in every cell |
| prokaryote | cell that does not have membrane-bound organelles |
| eukaryote | multicellular organism made up of eukaryotic cells |
| nucleus | central membrane-bound organism that manages or controls cellular functions |
| plasma membrane | the flexible boundary between the cell and its environment |
| selective permeability | membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping others out |
| phospholipid | contains glycerol backbone, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group |
| fluid mosaic model | the model of the plasma membrane |
| transport proteins | move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane |
| cell wall | fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and structure |
| chromatin | strands of the genetic material DNA |
| nucleolus | prominent organelle contained in nucleus |
| ribosomes | the sites where the cell produces proteins according to the directions of the DNA |
| cytoplasm | the clear gelatinous fluid inside of a cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site of cellular chemical reactions |
| golgi apparatus | flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins |
| vacuoles | membrane-bound compartments used for temporary storage of materials |
| lysosomes | organelles that contain digestive enzymes |
| chloroplasts | cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy |
| plastids | group of plant organelles that are used for storage |
| chlorophyll | traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color |
| mitochondria | membrane-bound organelles in plant and animal cells that transform energy for the cell |
| cytoskeleton | support structure within the cytoplasm |
| microtubules | thin, hollow cylinders made of protein |
| microfilaments | smaller, solid protein fibers |
| cilia | short, numerous projections that look like hairs |
| flagella | longer projections that move with a whip-like motion |
Created by:
cj_bucks319
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