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Biology

Genetics Test Study Guide

TermDefinition
Allele Alternative froms of a gene
Gamete Sex cells of sexually reproducing organisms
Phenotype The physical characteristics of an organism such as brown eyes, purple flowers, long hair, etc.
Homozygous resessive A genotype in which the individual inherits 2 rcessive alleles
Trait Characteristics that can be inherited
Genotype The combination of alleles that an organism inherits
Homozygous dominant A genotype in which the individual inherits 2 dominant alleles
Zygote The first cell that results after gametes unite
Incomplete dominance A type of inheritance in which 1 allele is not completly dominant over the other
Law of Segregation States that "Alleles separate from one another during the formation of gametes"
Recessive The form of a trait that can be hidden and is only expressed when the individual inherits 2 alleles of this type
Multiple alleles A type of inheritance in which more than 2 alleles exist for a trait
Rule of Unit Factors States that "2 alleles inherited from parents control the traits of organisms"
Dominant The form of a trait that is expressed even if the organism inherits only 1 allele of this type
Polygenic inheritance A type of inheritance in which a particular trait is produced by many genes interacting with one another
Rule of Dominance States that "of the 2 alleles an organism inherits, one is capable of hiding the other"
Codominance A type of inheritance in which both alleles of a heterzygote are equally expressed
Law of Independent Assortment States that "traits are inherited without influencing one another"
Created by: KarisBolden
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