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Bella Nat 5

U1 KA 4 Proteins and Enzymes

QuestionAnswer
What is a catalyst? A chemical that speeds up chemical reactions
What are enzymes? Biological catalysts that are made inside living cells
What are enzymes made from? Protein
What is the purpose of enzymes? Speed up chemical reactions
What is a substrate? The substance that an enzyme works on.
What are product(s)? The substance(s) produced by an enzyme controlled reaction.
What is a synthesis reaction? One that builds big molecules from smaller ones
What is a degradation reaction? One that results in the breakdown of a large molecules to smaller ones.
Name an enzyme that performs a synthesis reaction. Phosphorylase
Name an enzyme that performs a degradation reaction. Amylase, Pepsin, Lipase, (i.e. any digestion enzyme, Catalase.
Why are enzymes specific? They only work on one substrate OR they only speed up one particular reaction.
What do you call the part of the enzyme that attaches to the substrate. The active site.
What is different about the enzyme after the reaction? Nothing.
Are enzymes re-useable? Yes
Name two factors that affect enzyme activity. Temperature, pH, Enzyme concentration, Substrate concentration.
What word do we use to describe an enzyme that has stopped working? Denatured
What has happened to denatured enzymes to make them stop working? Active site has changed its shape.
What do you do to make an experiment more RELIABLE? REPEAT it and calcululate AVERAGE results.
What do you do to make an experiment VALID VARIABLES must be kept constant.
What is the standard list of controlled variables? T, T, C, M, P, V
Name a commercial product that contains Enzymes. Biological washing powders.
What does the order of amino acids in a protein determine? The protein's shape and function.
Name as many functions of proteins as you can. Membrane structural proteins Enzymes Antibodies Hormones Receptors for Hormones (or neurotranmitters)
Created by: nscobie
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