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chapter 10

TermDefinition
Evolution Change in species over time
Species Group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile off springs
Fossils Trace of an organism from the past
Catastrophism Theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions shaped earths landforms and caused extinction of some species
Gradualism Principle that states that the change a in landforms result from slow changes over a long period of time
Uniformitarianism Theory that states that the geologic processes that shape earth are uniform through time
Variation Differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs
Darwin The theory of evolution in natural selection
Cuvier Catastrophism
Lamarck Inheritance of acquired traits
Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature
Hutton Gradualism
Lyell Uniformitarianism
Adaptation Inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment
Artificial selection Process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits
Heritability Ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next
Natural selection Mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptions produce more offspring on average than do other individuals
Fitness Ability to survive and reproduce
Population All of the individuals of a species that live in the same area
Overproduction Substance formed by a chemical reaction
Biogeography Study of the distribution of organisms around the world
Homologous structure Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions
Analogous structure Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different
Vestigial structure Remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestor
Paleontology Study of fossils or extinct organisms
Buffon Organisms shared ancestors
Erasmus Darwin Darwin's grandfather
Created by: ewaddell25
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