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Mitosis-meiosis

Study guide 2014

QuestionAnswer
A monosaccharide is a carbohydrate
In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the nucleus
Which of the following include all the others? Chromosomes
DNA is copied during a process called replication
RNA contains the sugar ribose
How many types of RNA are there? 3
Which type of RNA are involved in protein synthesis? messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA,and transfer RNA
Which are copied from DNA? mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
Genes contain instructions for assembling proteins
As a cell becomes larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area
As a cell grows it All of the above. Places more demands on its DNA, uses up food and oxygen more quickly, has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell membrane
The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell depends on the cell's volume
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called cell division
What happens when a cell divides? Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cells dna
when during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible? Only during cell division
Which of the following is a phase in the cell cycle? all of the above- g1 phase, g2 phase, m phase
When during the cell cycle is a cells dna replicated? s phase
which event occurs during interphase? the cell growns
Which of the following is a correct statement of the events of the cell cycle? Interphase consists of the G1,S and G2 phases
The cell cycle is the Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? Prophase
The first phase of mitosis is called Prophase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell? Metaphase
Phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? Prophase,metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What is the role of the spindle during mitosis? It helps separate the chromosomes
The two main stages of cell division are called Mitosis and cytokinesis
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have a cell plate
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing Four chromosomes
Right after a bone breaks, cells at the edge of the injury Begin to divide rapidly
Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing? Contact with other cells
Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish? Contact with other cells stops cell growth
In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by Cyclins
Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that Regulate the cell cycle
Which of the following regulate the cell cycle? All of the above- growth factors, cyclins, p53
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their Growth rate
Cancer cells form masses of cells called Tumors
Cancer affects multicellular organisms
What is a tumor? A mass of cancer cells
The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol N
If an organisms diploid number is 12, its haploid number is 6
Gametes are produced by the process of Meiosis
Chromosomes form tetrads during prophase 1 of meiosis
What happens between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 that reduces the number of chromosomes? Replication does not occur
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of Haploid cells
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of 4 genetically different cells
Crossing over rarely occurs in mitosis, unlike meiosis. Which of the following is the likely reason? Chromatids are not involved in mitosis
The larger a cell becomes, the ___ efficiently it is able to function less
Before a normal cell becomes too large to carry out normal activities, it will usually divide to form two ________ cells. daughter
Together, the G1, S phase, and G2 phase are called Interphase
Another name for cell division is the __ phase M
The number of sister chromatids in a human body cell that is entering cell division is 92
During metaphase, the centromere on each chromosome is connected to a structure called a Spindle fiber
Proteins called ____ regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells cyclin
In all forms of _______ , the cancerous cells fail to respond to the signals that regulate the cell cycle of most cells cancer
An organisms gametes have ____ the number of chromosomes found in the organisms body cells half
Crossing over occurs during the stage of meiosis called prophase 1
Distinguish between chromatids and chromatin Chromatid is one of 2 identical sister parts of a chromosome. Chromatin consists of tightly coiled DNA.
Injuries to the skin heal completely, while injuries to the spinal cord may result in paralysis. What characteristic of the two types of cells in these body parts accounts for this difference? Skin cells can reproduce, nerve cells can not replicate
Identify a factor that can stop cells from dividing Cell contact- contact with other cells
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells? Cancer cells do not stop reproducing/duplicating
What might happen if the gametes of a species had the same number of chromosomes as the species body cells? It wouldn't work because it'd have too many, twice as many as you need.
How many sets of chromosomes are in a diploid cell? 2 sets
Define homologous chromosomes Chromosomes that have a corresponding chromosome from the other parent
Contrast the cells produced by mitosis with those produced by meiosis Mitosis results in the production of 2 identical cells, meiosis produces 4 genetically different haploid cells
Describe what happens during the 4 stages of mitosis Pro phase is when chromosomes become visible. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes. Telophase is when chromosomes disperce.
The relationship between mitosis and cytokinesis? what would be the result if one happened without the other? Mitosis is when the cell divides, cytokinesis is when the cell membrane seperates. The result if one happened without the other would be mitosis couldn't happen.
Created by: maddydogking
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