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Chapter 6 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acid | any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water. |
| atom | the smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element. |
| base | any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water. |
| compound | a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined. |
| covalent bond | the force that holds two atoms sharing electrons together. |
| element | substances that can not be broken down into simpler chemical substances. |
| ion | a charged particle made of atoms |
| ionic bond | the attractive force between two ions of opposite charge |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| metabolism | all of the chemical reactions that occur within a organism |
| mixture | a combination of substances in which the individual components retain their own properties |
| molecule | a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| nucleus | the center of an atom |
| pH | a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is |
| solution | a mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance |
| diffusion | the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| dynamic equilibrium | a condition in which there is continuous movement but no overall concentration change |
| hydrogen bond | a bond that is formed when an attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen |
| polar molecule | a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge |
| amino acid | the basic building blocks of proteins |
| carbohydrate | a biomolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for every carbon atom |
| enzyme | a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction |
| isomer | compounds that have the same chemical formula but different three dimensional structures |
| lipid | large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen |
| nucleic acid | a complex biomolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code |
| nucleotides | subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| peptide bond | the covalent bond formed between the amino acids |
| polymer | a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| protein | a large complex polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |
Created by:
rachelcaroline_16
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