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chapter 6 vocabulary

TermDefinition
acid Is any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water
atom Is the smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element
base Is any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water.
compound A compound is a substance that are chemically combined.
covalent bond The force that holds electrons together.
element Is what things are made up of.
ion Is a charged particle made up of ions.
ionic bond The attractive force between two ions of the opposite charge.
isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
metabolism All of the chemical reactions occur within an organism.
mixture Is a combination of substances in which the individual components retain their own properties.
molecule Is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
nucleus The center of an atom.
pH Is a measure if how acidic or basic a solution is.
solution Is a mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance.
diffusion Is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
dynamic equilibrium Condition in which there is a continuous movement but no overall concentration change
hydrogen bond Attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen forms a weak bond
polar molecule A molecule with an unequal distribution of charge; that is, each molecule has a positive end and a negative end
amino acid The basic building blocks of proteins
carbohydrate Is a biomolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen,and oxygen with a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for every carbon atom.
enzyme Is a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction.
isomer Compounds that have the same chemical formula but different three dimentional structures.
lipid Are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen, fats, oils, waxes, and steriods
nucleic acid Is a complex biomolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code
nucleotide Nucleic acids are polymers made of smaller subunits
peptide bond The covalent bond formed between the amino acids.
polymer Is a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together.
protein Is a large, complex polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
Created by: Anthony Mangum
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