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quarter 3 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| gregor mendel | a German-speaking Silesian scientist and Augustinian friar who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the new science of genetics |
| genetics | the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics |
| heredity | the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another |
| trait | a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person |
| dominant | most important, powerful, or influential |
| recessive | relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent. |
| gene | unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring |
| allele | one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome |
| genotype | the genetic constitution of an individual organism |
| phenotype | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
| heterozygous | having dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci; "heterozygous for eye color |
| homozygous | having identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci; "these two fruit flies are homozygous for red eye color |
| gamete | a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
| probability | he extent to which something is probable; the the likelihood of something happening or being the case |
| purebred | An animal that is of pure breed, i.e. whose ancestors on both sides have been members of a recognized breed. |
| monohybrid cross | hybridization using a single trait with two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas |
| test cross | testcross: a cross between an organism whose genotype for a certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from that of the offspring |
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meow000
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