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Nothing intresting, really.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 안녕하세요 | Hello |
| 감사합니다 | Thank you |
| 네 | Yes/That's right/What you said is right |
| 아니요 | No/That's wrong/What you said is wrong |
| 안녕히 계세요 | Goodbye (If you are leaving) |
| 안녕히 가세요 | Goodbye (If you are staying) |
| 죄송합니다 | I'm Sorry (Also used to pass through a crowd) |
| 저기요 | Excuse me (When you want someone's attention) |
| 잠시만요 | Just a second (When you want to pass through a crowd) |
| 잠깐만요 | Just a second. (When you want to pass through a crowd) |
| 이에요 | to be (last letter has a final consonant) |
| 예요 | to be (last letter doesn't have a final consonant) |
| Korean sentence structure. | Subject + Object + Verb or Subject + Adjective |
| 물이에요 | It's water. |
| 가방이에요 | It's a bag. |
| 저예요 | It's me. |
| 학교예요 | It's a school. |
| 이거 | This thing {이 [i] (“this”) + 것 [geot] (“thing”)} |
| 이거 책이에요 | This is a book. |
| 이거 카메라예요 | This is a camera. |
| 이거 뭐예요? | What is this? (Remember to change tone) |
| 이거 물이에요 | Is this water? |
| 이 | this (near me) |
| 그 | the/that (near other person) |
| 저 | that (over there) |
| 이것 | This thing |
| 그것 | That thing |
| 저것 | That thing over there. |
| 이 사람, 그 사람, 저 사람 | This person, That person, That person over there. |
| 아니에요 | I am not/it is not/you are not. (Present tense of verb "to be not") |
| 저 아니에요 | It's not me. |
| 우유 아니에요 | It's not milk. |
| 물 아니에요 | It's not water. |
| 저학생 아니에요 | I'm not a student. |
| Topic marking particles | Used to let people know what or who you are going to talk about. Topic markers are attached after nouns. |
| 은 | Words ending with last consonant |
| 는 | Words ending with a vowel |
| 저는 학생이에요 | As for me, I am a student. I (me, personally) am a student. |
| 내일은 저는 일해요 | As for tomorrow, I work. |
| Subject marking particles | Used to show "who" did something or "what" is being described. |
| 이 | Words ending with last consonant |
| 가 | Words ending with a vowel |
| 이거 사과예요 | This is an apple. |
| 이거는 사과예요 (with topic marking) | This (look) is an apple. |
| 있어요 | Have/Exists |
| 없어요 | Don't have/Doesn't exist |
| 물 있어요 | Water exists/I/She/They/You have water. There is water |
| 친구 있어요 | I have (a) friends. |
| 시간 없어요 | There is no time. I don't have time. We don't have time, etc. |
| 친구 없어요 | I don't have friends. |
| 주세요 | Please give me. |
| A: 사과 있어요? B: 네. 사과 있어요 A: 사과 주세요 | A: Do you have apples? B: Yes, we have apples. A: Please give me (an/some) apple(s). |
| 주세요 (def.) | Can be used when: asking for something. Ordering food or drinks at restaurant. Asking for an item in a shop or, when attached to a verb, to ask someone to do something for you. |
| 맛 | Taste |
| 맛있어요 | It's tasty/delicious. |
| 이거 맛있어요 | This is tasty/delicious. |
| 저 케익 맛있어요 | That cake is delicious. |
| 이 차 맛없어요 | This tastes awful. |
| 잘 먹겠습니다 | I'm going to eat well, or I will eat well. (used when someone is about to start a meal, particularly when someone is going to pay for it.) |
| 잘 먹었습니다 | I have eaten well. (To thank someone for the food.) |
| -고 싶어요 | I want to + (verb) |
| bo-go si-peo yo | I want to see. |
| 더 bo-go si-peo yo | I want to see more. |
| [meok-go si-peo-yo] | I want to eat. |
| 더 meok-go si-peo-yo | I want to eat more. |
| 뭐 먹고 싶어요? | What do you want to eat? |
| 햄버거 먹고 싶어요 | I want to eat a hamburger. |
| 하다 | to do |
| 보다 | to see |
| 먹다 | to eat |
| 사다 | to buy |
| 마시다 | to drink |
| [mwo ha-go si-peo-yo] | What do you want to do? |
| [mwo bo-go si-peo-yo] | What do you want to see? |
| mwo meok-go si-peo-yo | What do you want to eat? |
| mwo sa-go si-peo-yo | What do you want to buy? |
| mwo ma-si-go si-peo-yo | What do you want to drink? |
| Native Korean Numbers & Sino-Korean Numbers | To tell the time, you have to use NK# to say hour and S-K to say the minute. To tell your age in normal conversation, you use NK#, but in formal situations, S-K are used to express age. |
| Sino-Korean Numbers and Native Korean Numbers | To say a number higher than 99, exaple; 101, you have to add Sino-Korean number of 100 and 1 of Native-Korean Number. |
| 일 | 1 |
| 이 | 2 |
| 삼 | 3 |
| 사 | 4 |
| 오 | 5 |
| 륙 / 육 | 6 |
| 칠 | 7 |
| 팔 구 십 | 8 9 10 |
| 백 | 100 |
| 천 | 1000 |
| 십일 | 11 |
| 이십일 | 21 |
| 삼십사 | 32 |
| 오십사 | 54 |
| 삼백이십칩 | 327 |
| 천사백륙십이 | 1462 |
| 가다 | to go |
| 자다 | to sleep |
| 때리다 | to hit |
| 웃다 | to laugh |
| Present tense ending. 아요 | Verb's last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ. |
| Present tense ending. 어요 | Verb's last vowel is not ㅏ or ㅗ. |
| Present tense ending. 여요 | Verb stem which is only 하 is followed by 여요. |
| 가요 | I/he/she/they/you (etc) go |
| 머거요 | I/he/she/they/you eats |
| 봐요 | I/he/she/they/you look(s)/watch(es) |
| 보여요 | It's visible. I see it. |
| Past tense ending. 았어요 | Verb's last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ. |
| Past tense ending. 었어요 | Verb's last vowel is not ㅏ or ㅗ. |
| Past tense ending. 였어요 | Verb stem is ㅏ. |
| sa-sseo-yo | I/she/he/you bought |
| hae-sseo-yo | I/she/he/you did |
| jeo-geo-sseo-yo | I/she/he/you wrote |
| 어디 | Where/which place/location |
| 에 | at, to (Expresses a location where something "is" or "exists". |
| 에서 | at, in, from. (Expresses a location where something is taking place / action). |
| 어디가고싶어요 | Where do you want to go? |
| 학교에갔어요 | I went to school. |
| 한국에 왔어요 | I came to Korea. |
| 어디에 가고 싶어요 | Where do you want to go? |
| 어디에 있어요 | Where are you? |
| 집에서 일해요 | I work at home. |
| 언제 | When |
| 언제 했어요 | When did you do it? |
| 언제 도착했어요 | When did you arrive? |
| 언제 왔어요 | When did you come? |
| 오늘 | Today |
| 어제 | Yesterday |
| 내일 | Tomorrow |
| 지금 | Now |
| 아까 | Earlier(today)/A while ago(today) |
| 나중에 | Later |
| 하나 | 1 |
| 둘 | 2 |
| 셋 | 3 |
| 넷 | 4 |
| 다섯 | 5 |
| 여섯 | 6 |
| 일곱 | 7 |
| 여덟 | 8 |
| 아홉 | 9 |
| 열 | 10 |
| 스물 | 20 |
| 서른 | 30 |
| 마흔 | 40 |
| 쉰 | 50 |
| 예순 | 60 |
| 일흔 | 70 |
| 여든 | 80 |
| 아흔 | 90 |
| Age: | Numbers 1,2,3,4 & 20 change forms before a noun. 1 하나 [ha-na] --> 한 [han] 살 2 둘 [dul] --> 두 [du] 살 3 셋 [set] --> 세 [se] 살 4 넷 [net] --> 네 [ne] 살 20 스물 [seu-mul] --> 스무 [seu-mu] 살 21 스물 [seu-mul] --> 스물한 [seu-mul-han] 살 |
| 열여섯살이에요 | I'm 16 years old. |
| Negative sentences | 1. Adding 안 [an] before a verb 2. Using the negative verb ending, 지 않다 [ji an-ta] *method 2 is relatively formal, but not necessarily only for formal situations *method 2 have different tenses of your sentence. |
| Present tense: | 지 않아요 |
| Past tense: | 지 않았어요 |
| 집에 가요 --> 집에 안 가요 | I'm going home --> I'm NOT going home. |
| 그거 버렸어요 --> 그거 안 버렸어요 | I threw it away --> I DIDN'Tthrow it away |
| Present: 가지 않아요 | Present: I'm NOT going. |
| Past: 가지 않았어요 | Past: I DIDN'T go. |
| Present: 버리지 않아요 | Present: I'm NOT throwing it away. |
| Past: 버리지 않았어요 | Past: I DIDN'T throw it away. |
| 하다 ** | to do (** Many nouns that indicate or describe action or behavior can be combined with to do to create new verbs) |
| 공부 --> 공부하다 | studying --> to study |
| 일 --> 일하다 | work, job --> to work |
| 기억 --> 기억하다 | memory --> to remember |
| 청소 --> 청소하다 | cleaning - to clean |
| 요리 --> 요리하다 | cooking, dish --> to cook |
| 이사 --> 이사하다 | moving --> to move |
| 노래 --> 노래하다 | song --> to sing |
| 노력 --> 노력하다 | effort --> to make an effort, to try hard |
| 동의 --> 동의하다 | agreement, agreeing --> to agree |
| 인정 --> 인정하다 | admitting --> to admit |
| 후회 --> 후회하다 | regret --> to regret |
| 운동 --> 운동하다 | exercise --> to exercise, to work out |
| 사랑 --> 사랑하다 | love --> to love |
| 말 --> 말하다 | words, language --> to speak |
| 생각 --> 생각하다 | thought, idea --> to think |
| 생각 안 하다 | to not think |
| 누구 | who |
| 누구예요 | Who is it? |
| 누가 제인이에요 | Who is Jane? (Among these people| since topic markers are used|) 누구 + 가 (topic marker) = 누가 |
| 누가 했어요 | Who did it? (Among these people| since topic markers are used|) 누구 + 가 (topic marker) = 누가 |
| 누가 전화했어요 | Who called? |
| 이거 누구예요 | Who is this? |
| 어제 누가 왔어요 | Who came yesterday? |
| 그거 누가 만들었어요 | Who made that? |
| 누가 샀어요 | Who bought it? |
| 뭐 | What? |
| 어디 | Where |
| 언제 | When |
| 누구 | Who |
| 어떻게 | How |
| 왜 | Why |
| 어떻게 찾았어요 | How did you find it? |
| 어떻게 왔어요 | How did you get here? |
| 왜 전화했어요 | Why did you call? |
| 왜 안 왔어요 | Why didn't you come? |
| 얼마 | How much (money) |
| 얼마나 | How + adjective/adverb |
| 얼마예요? | How much is it? |
| 얼마 냈어요 | How much did you pay? |
| 얼마나 + adjective/adverb | How + [often/fast/early/soon/etc...] |
| 얼마나 자주 와요 | How often do you come? |
| 얼마나 커요 | How big is it? |
| 얼마나 무거워요 | How heavy is it? |
| 에서 | from (often used with locations) |
| 부터 | from (often used with time) |
| 까지 | "to" or "until" |
| 서울부터 | From Seoul |
| 서울부터 | Starting from seoul |
| 지금부터 | From now |
| 어제부터 | Since(from) yesterday |
| 서울까지 | (from somewhere else) to Seoul |
| 지금까지 | Until now |
| 내일까지 | Until tomorrow |
| (여기에서) (저기까지) | (From here) (to here) |
| (서울에서) (부산까지) | (From Seoul) (to Busan) |
Created by:
Qcabara
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