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Mitosis study ?s

Mitosis q&a biology 101

QuestionAnswer
What is the most visible physical characteristic of cells in prophase? Cells in prophase are marked by very dark, condensed chromosomes. This trait can be seen under a microscope.
What major event marks the beginning of prometaphase? The breakdown of the nuclear envelope is the major event that starts prometaphase.
What is the name of the structure that forms on the centromere of a chromosome during late prophase and prometaphase? A kinetochore
What name is given to the microtubules that attach to chromosomes after the nuclear envelope has been destroyed in prometaphase? Kinetochore microtubules
What is the name of the line along which chromosomes align during metaphase? The metaphase plate.
Why is it that metaphase can occupy such a large portion of mitosis? Alignment of chromosomes along the metaphase plate acts as a checkpoint in the cell cycle. Chromosomes must all be aligned for passage into anaphase. Therefore, a cell will wait in this phase until all chromosomes have aligned& can take days.
What is the signal that triggers the entrance into anaphase? The deactivation of M phase-promoting factor (MPF) signals the entrance into anaphase. MPF is deactivated by the degradation of the mitotic cyclins that attach to Cdks to form the MPF complex.
What forces drive the migration of the chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell during anaphase? connected to microtubules through their centromere/constantly being synthesized and degraded at their growing end/anaphase, the microtubules retract via degradation and pull with them the chromatid that is attached to it
What are the events that mark the two distinct phases of anaphase? During anaphase A, chromosomes attached to microtubules are pulled poleward. During anaphase B, the poles themselves separate as the cell elongates
Which type of microtubules disappear during telophase? Kinetochore microtubules disappear during telophase after they have helped move the chromosomes to the poles of the cell.
A cell that is in telophase is likely to have which of the following traits? Decondensed chromosomes / Chromosomes aligned along the metaphase plate/ Long kinetochore microtubules/ Nuclear envelope/ Separated sister chromatids A cell in telophase will likely have decondensed chromosomes.
During telophase, how many nuclei are formed? Two nuclei are formed during telophase as the nuclear vesicles associate around the two sets of chromosomes at opposite ends of the cell. ets of chromosomes at opposite ends of the cell.
What is the contractile ring composed of? The contractile ring is composed of actin and myosin protein filaments.
Created by: vcopeland
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