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Genetics Vocab

Vocabulary words for 7th Grade Science - Genetics

TermDefinition
Dominant Allele traits that always show up in an organism when the allele is present
Recessive Allele trait that is hidden in an organism when a dominant allele is present
Purebred / Homozygous Two of the same alleles for the same alleles
Hybrid / Heterozygous Genotypes made of two different alleles
Genotype an organism's genetic make up, or allele combination
Phenotype an organism's physical appearance or visible traits
Incomplete Dominance a situation in which one allele is not incompletely dominant over another allele
Traits specific characteristics that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes
Heredity passing of traits from parent to offspring
Allele different forms of a gene
Mutation any change in the DNA of a gene or a chromosome
Genetics the scientific study of heredity
Probability a number that describes how likely it is that a particular event will occur
Punnett Square a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring
Chromosome a threadlike structure within a cell's nucleus that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next
Gene a sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring
Codominance a situation in which both alleles for a gene are expressed equally
Carrier a person who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait
Karyotype a picture of all the human chromosomes in a cell grouped together in pairs and arranged in order of decreasing size
Sex Chromosomes a pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether a person is male or female
Blood Type any of the four main types into which human blood is divided: A, B, AB, and O. Blood types are based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on red blood cells.
Created by: Ms. Thacker
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