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Honors Week 1

Organic/Enzyme

QuestionAnswer
amino acids the building blocks of proteins. They band together in chains to form the stuff from which life is born.
Biomolecule form the bodies of all living beings and are the causes and products of the chemical processes that keep them alive
Carbohydrates are sugars and starches, which provide energy for humans and animals, and cellulose, which make up essential structural component of living cells
Cellulose An insoluble polysaccharide that is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton.
deoxyribonucleic acid the hereditary material in organisms
fatty acids A major component of fats that is used by the body for energy and tissue development.
Glucose A six-carbon sugar (C6H12O6); the most common monosaccharide in animals
Glycogen polymer of glucose used for energy storage in animals
Lipids One of a family of compounds, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids, that are insoluble in water
Monosaccharide The simplest carbohydrate, serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides.
nucleic acid A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins
Proteins polymer made from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids
Starch A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose
activation energy the energy required to initiate a reaction.
active site A region on an enzyme that binds to a substance during a reaction.
enzyme A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body; serves as a catalyst
Catalyst A substance (not always a protein), that modifies and increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the process
Hemoglobin component of red blood cells that binds with and carries oxygen through the body
Optimum the point at which the condition, degree, or amount of something is the most favorable
pH and temperature factors that can affect the enzymatic reaction and must be optimized
Substrate The substance that an enzyme works upon
Created by: nbctbio
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