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Biotechnology Vocab

Biotechnology Vocabulary, Honors Biology I

TermDefinition
DNA Fingerprint Used to identify organism by analyzing DNA
Clone genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
Genetic Engineering Changing an Organism's DNA to give organism new traits
Recombinant DNA DNA that contains genes from more than one organism
Plasmid closed loops of DNA in bacteria
Transgenic organism that has one or more genes from another organism inserted into its genome
Genomics Study of Genomes
Gene Sequencing Determining the order of DNA nucleotides in genes
Human Genome project map and sequence of human genetic code and identify all genes in the sequence
Genetic Screening testing person's DNA to determine person's risk of having or passing along a genetic disorder
Gene Therapy replacement, addition or deletion of defective gene into genome to treat disease
Restriction Enzyme Enzymes that cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequence
Gel Electrophoresis electrical current is used to separate DNA fragments from each other by size
Bioinformatics use of computer databases to organize and analyze biological data
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) produces millions of copies of DNA sequence quickly (amplifies)
Primer short strand of DNA that acts as a starting point for new strand
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