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Enzymes Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| activation energy | The amount of energy (expressed in joules) that is needed to convert all the molecules in one mole of a reacting substance from a ground state to the transition state. |
| biochemical reaction | chemical reactions taking place in biological systems. (eg./ plants and humans) |
| coenzyme | essential for the activity of some enzymes.A cofactor molecule that helps an enzyme catalyse a particular reaction by binding with it. |
| competitive inhibitor | a form of enzyme inhibition where binding of the inhibitor to the active site on the enzyme prevents binding of the substrate |
| enzyme | a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. |
| enzyme activity | Activity of the enzyme that acts as a catalyst to quicken reactions |
| enzyme concentration | the concentration of the enzyme in an individual |
| heavy metal | An atomic weight of an element that is heavier than 20. |
| induced fit model | A model for enzyme-substrate interaction to describe that only the proper substrate is capable of inducing the proper alignment of the active site that will enable the enzyme to perform its catalytic function |
| metabolism | chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism. |
| non-competitive inhibitor | Non-competitive inhibition is a type of enzyme inhibition where the inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally well to the enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate |
| pH | a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid |
| protein | A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. |
| substrate | reactants in enzymatic reactions |
| substrate concentration | the concentration of the molecules an enzyme works on. |
| thyroid | endocrine gland in the neck that is found on both sides of the trachea |
| throxin | Hormone produced by the thyroid glands to regulate metabolism by controlling the rate of oxidation in cells |
| vitamins | a group of organic substances, present in minute amounts in natural foodstuffs, that are essential to normal metabolism |
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