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BIO 152 Final Part 2

Chapter 34 Part 2 Primates and the Phylogeny of Humans

QuestionAnswer
Modern primates Prosimians and Anthropoids
Prosimians About 50 species; ex. Lemurs found in Madagascar
Anthropoids Monkeys, Apes, and Humans
Monkeys About 200 species; old world don’t have prehensile tail, mix of ground dwelling and arboreal, African; new world prehensile tail and arboreal, South American, ex. spider and squirrel monkeys
Apes about 14 species; do not have tails, biggest brains, large; gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos
Australopithecus afarensis “Lucy”; one of the earliest known hominids; lived three million years ago in the Rift valley of Africa; could walk upright
Australopithecus africanus Lived 2 to 3 million years ago; possibly co-existed with lucy; slightly taller with a larger brain than Lucy
Homo habilis “Handy man”; earliest fossilized hominid to be found with tools; lived 2 million years ago; possibly coexisted with other hominids
Homo ergaster 1.9 to 1.6 MYA; larger brain than H. Hablis; long straight fingers/didn’t climb trees; smaller teeth/ate more meat; longer pair-bonding; smaller males relative to females
Homo erectus “upright man”; taller with a larger skull than other hominids; 1.6 MYA; left Africa; gave rise to Homo sapiens
Neanderthal man one of the descendants of Homo erectus; lived in Europe and middle east 20000-30000 years ago; had bigger brains than us; complex social behavior
Five human races Americans, Caucasians, Mongolians; Malayans; Ethiopians
Created by: AliRutherford
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