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Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hard Palate | Stratified Squamous parakeratinized epithelium |
| Soft palate | stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium |
| Filiform papillae | sratified Squamous parakeratinized epithelium, no taste buds (CN V) |
| Fungiform papillae | stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium, has taste buds (CN VII) |
| Vallate papillae | has taste buds, associated with von ebners glands(serous) and posterior lingual gland(mucus) (CN IX) |
| submandibular gland | mixed gland, majority serous |
| sublingual gland | mixed gland, majority mucus |
| Parotid gland | Ectoderm derivative,all serous |
| pharynx | stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium |
| esophagus | stratified squamous nonketatinized epitherlium |
| esophageal-stomach junction | strat. squam. to simple columnar |
| stomach | simple columnar-constituting an epithelial sheet gland, lines by surface mucus cells |
| cardiac stomach | consists of cardiac gland, which produce mucus. APUD cells present. |
| 5 tastes | sweet, salty, bitter, sour, umami |
| fundic stomach | base: parietal cells (HCl), APUD cells Neck: Mucus neck cells (acidic glycoproteins), parietal cells and cheif cells (pepsinogens) |
| Histamine | Acts: parietal cells-acid Chief cells-persinogen smooth muscle cells-contraction |
| Serotonin | Acts: smooth muscle cells-contraction/relaxation parietal cells-inhibits secretion |
| VIP | acts: smooth muscle- relaxation of esophagus blood vessels-dilate secretory and abs cells-stimulate secretion and absorption |
| Gastrin | ACts: parietal cells-acid chief cells-pepsinogen |
| Somatostatin | Inhibits: GI hormones, gastric and pepsinogen secretion, pancreatic exocrine secretion, salivary amylase secretion, intestinal motility, and contraction of gallbladder |
| secretin | acts: pancreatic intraclobular ducts-bicarbonate and H2O secretion |
| CCK | Acts: smooth muscle of gallbladder-contraction and release of bile pancreatic ascinar cells-enzyme secretion sphincter of oddi-relaxation |
| GIP | stimlates: insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells |
| Motilin | stimulates gastric and duodenal motility-regulates contraction that occir in 2 hr cycles after meals |
| pylorus | pyloric glands, APUD cells |
| pyloro-duodenal junction | smooth surface gastric mucosa to rough surfaced intestinal mucosa with duodenal glands of brunner |
| duodenum | glands of brunner producing alkaline mucus, villi present |
| jejunum | crypts, villi and no glands, have intraepithelial lymphocytes |
| illeum | nodules, crypts, no glands, FAE with M cells, plicae circularis |
| ileocecal junction | plicase cucularis only in small intestine, lacking in cecum |
| colon | no vili, a lot of goblet cells,teneai coli, crypts, surface epithelial cells,plicae semilunares |
| appendix | no villi, nodules, some crypts |
| rectus-anus junction | simple columnar-perctinate line-stratified squamous nonketatinize-stratified squamous keratinized with sabaceous glands and hair follicles. |
| stomach | rugae |
| pancreas | exocrine portion: secretes trypsinogen, chymptrypsin, and procarboxypeptidase |
| Liver | Classic lobule: contains portal area with vein, arteriole, lymphatics, limiting plate, and periportal area space of mall. Also has sinusoids with periosinusodal space of disse. Blood bile barrier (TJ) Von kuppfer cells |
| Gallbladder | intercellular cleft, caniliculi receptors for CCK in smooth muscle. |