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Chapter 9 Biology

Lactic Acid Fermentation process carried out by lactic acid bacteria when oxygen is not present
Alcoholic Fermentation a type of cellular respiration which does not require oxygen and involves breaking down glucose to pyruvic acid and then finally ethanol
aerobic pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen
anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that do not require oxygen
calorie the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
cellular respiration the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
glycosis first set of reactions in cellular respiration in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
NAD+ an electron carrier
Krebs cycle pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions.
matrix the innermost compartment of the mitochondrion and the site of the Krebs cycle reactions
Where do organisms get energy? from food
Cellular respiration equation oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide +water + energy
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and cellular respiration puts it back. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere and cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food
What happens during the process of glycosis? During glycosis, 1 molecule of glucose a 6-carbon compound, is transformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid a 3-carbon compound.
What happens during the Krebs cycle? During the Krebs cycle the pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
How does the electron transport chain use high energy electron from glycosis and the Krebs cycle> The electron transport chain uses the high energy electrons from glycosis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP
Fermentation process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
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