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LD BIO Ch 6 TEST
LD Biology Test Ch 6 (CELLULAR RESPIRATION)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | the process by which the energy stored in food inside the cells is released |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate; the compound in which energy released by cellular respiration is stored |
| ADP | adenosine diphosphate; the lower-energy compound remaining after one phosphate group is removed from ATP |
| OXIDATION | any chemical change in which an atom or a molecule loses electrons |
| REDUCTION | chemical reaction in which a substance gains an electron |
| OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION | a reaction in which one substance is oxidized and another substance is reduced |
| AEROBIC RESPIRATION | respiration requiring the presence of free oxygen, in which glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water |
| ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION | respiration in the absence of free oxygen, in which glucose is partially oxidized |
| GLYCOLYSIS | the process of breaking down the glucose molecule into two three-carbon pyretic acid molecules |
| FERMENTATION | following glycolysis, the conversion of pyretic acid to an end product with no further release of energy |
| ACETYL CoA | a compound produced during pyruvic acid breakdown by the combination of an acetyl group with coenzyme A |
| KREBS CYCLE | the series of chemical reactions that begins with the acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) formed from pyruvic acid. |
| ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN | a series of oxidation-reduction reactions in which most of the energy produced from the breakdown of glucose is transferred to ATP |
| CHEMIOSMOSIS | process of ATP formation during aerobic respiration |