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Topics 3.5 and 7.3

DNA Transcription

Term/QuestionDefinition/Answer
RNA Polymerase Binds to a promoter sequence on antisense strand of DNA. Opens DNA at specific gene. Complementary base pairs A, U, C, G nucleoside triphosphates (breaking off 2 phosphates) to antisense strand and forms new RNA strand. Adds RNA nucleotides 5' to 3'.
Promoter Sequence Short, unique sequence before each gene. It's only on the antisense strand of DNA. RNA Polymerase attaches to this region.
Sense Strand Carries the genetic code. Does NOT get transcribed.
Antisense Strand Template strand for transcription. Does NOT carry the code.
Terminator Sequence Short sequence on antisense strand. RNA polymerase detaches at this region and the newly formed RNA is released.
RNA Nucleoside Triphosphates RNA nucleotide with 3 phosphate groups. Two phosphates get broken off as they are complementary base paired to the antisense strand.
Post Transcription Processing After the RNA molecule is made, the introns get "cut" out. The exons are left and make up the final RNA molecule. This is what codes for protein (eukaryotic DNA only)
Exons Part of the RNA molecule that codes for a protein
Introns Part of the RNA molecule that does not code for a protein. It gets cut out of the final RNA molecule (eukaryotic DNA only)
Transcription Process that creates an RNA molecule. Occurs in the nucleus of a cell.
RNA nucleotides A, U (uracil), C, G
DNA nucleotides A, T, C, G
What directions does transcription occur in? 5' to 3'
Uracil gets base paired with which DNA nucleotide? Adenine
Adenine gets base paired with which DNA nucleotide? Thymine
Cytosine gets base paired with which DNA nucleotide? Guanine
Guanine gets base paired with which DNA nucleotide? Cytosine
How is RNA similar to DNA? both are 5 carbon sugars, each nucleotide contains one nitrogenous base
How is RNA different than DNA? DNA: deoxyribose (no OH group on 3' carbon), Thymine instead of Uracil, double stranded RNA: ribose (OH group on 3' Carbon), Uracil instead of Thymine, single stranded
Which type of RNA needs to remove introns? Eukaryotic Cells
Created by: kelly.norris
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