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HCS Biology

Chapter 5.1 (BJU Press)

TermDefinition
genetics The study of heredity.
gene A segment of DNA capable of producing a specific amino acid chain (polypeptide) resulting in a specific characteristic.
chromosome A strand of DNA entwined proteins; usually found in the cell's nucleus.
histone A protein that supports, protects, and helps maintain the tightly coiled structure of the DNA in a chromosome.
chromatid One of two DNA duplicates that compose one chromosome.
centromere The attachment point of two sister chromatids; also serves as point if attachment of spindle fibers during mitosis.
karyotype An illustration in which the chromosomes of a cell are arranged according to size.
homologous pair of chromosomes Two chromosomes that have the same kinds of gene (alleles) in the same order.
homologue One member of a homologous pair of chromosomes.
diploid Having homologous pairs of chromosomes.
haploid Having only one member of each homologous pair of chromosomes; characteristics of gametes.
Created by: ccpoirot
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