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CANCER BIOLOGY

TRANSLATION

QuestionAnswer
RIBOSOME TRANSLATES THE CODON INFORMATION IN mRNA OR TRANSCRIPT INTO A PROTEIN W/A SPECIFIC AA SEQUENCE
NUCLEAR PORES PROCESSED mRNA IS EXPORTED FROM THE NUCLEUS TO THE CYTOSOL THROUGH HERE
RIBOSOMES IN CYTOSOL "TRANSLAT' THE INFORMATION STORED IN THE PROCESSED mRNA TO MAKE A PROTEIN W/A SPECIFIC AA SEQUENCE
CODON A 3-NUCLEOTID SEQUENCE IN mRNA THAT CODES FOR A SPECIFIC AA, A TRANSLATION START SITE, OR A TRANSLATION STOP SITE
START CODON AUG
STOP CODON UAG, UGA, UAA
CODON CHART FACTS -EACH CODON RELATES TO ONE AMINO ACID -SOME AA HAVE MORE THAN 1 CODON -1ST/2ND NUCLEOTIDE IN EACH CODON CAN DETERMINE THE AA IT ENCODES
RIBOSOME COMPONENTS CONSIST OF A LARGE SUBUNIT & A SMALL SUBUNIT THAT CONTAIN RIBOSOMAL RNA (rRNA) & RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS
TRANSFER RNA (tRNA) EACH TYPE OF ONE TYPE OF 20 DIFFERENT AA TO THE RIBOSOME
AMINOACYL-tRNA SYNTHETASES ARE ENZYMES THAT LINK THE PROPER AA TO THE PROPER tRNA
tRNA ANTI-CODON EACH RECOGNIZES THE PROPER CODON IN THE mRNA (TRANSCRIPT) THROUGH COMPLIMENTARY BASE PAIRING
INITIATION PHASE FORMS TRANSLATION COMPLEX REQUIRES GTP AS AN ENERGY SOURCE AND INITIATION FACTORS
INTIATION FACTORS ARE PROTEINS THAT... -ASSEMBLE, ALIGN & ACTIVATE ALL OF THE RIBOSOME COMPONENTS -UNWIND mRNA SO IT CAN BE TRANSLATED
ELONGATION CYCLE LINKS AA TOGETHER & REQUIRES GTP AS AN ENERGY SOURCE & ELONGATION FACTORS
ELONGATION FACTORS ENABLE... -PROPER tRNA ENTRY INTO RIBOSOME -tRNA PROOFREADING -mRNA TO MOVE RELATIVE TO THE RIBOSOME SO THE NEXT CODON CAN BE READ
PEPTIDYL-TRANSFERASE -THE 28S rRNA MOLECULE THAT IS A RIBOZYME THAT LINKS AA TOGETHER -IS PART OF THE LARGE 60s SUBUNIT & LINKS 2-9AA/SEC
RELEASE FACTOR -INTERACTS W/STOP CODON AND USES REQUIRED ENERGY TO END TRANSLATION
ANTIBIOTICS -INHIBIT TRANSLATION BY BINDING TO LARGE SUBUNIT RIBOSOME (50s PORTION) TO -PREVENT PEPTIDE BOND FORMATION -PREVENTS TRANSLOCATION -CHANGES SHAPE -INTERFERE W/ATTACHMENT OF tRNA TO mRNA-COMPLEX
WHERE ARE RIBOSOMES SYNTHESIZED? NUCLEOLUS & IN THE NUCLEUS
Created by: dgira002
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