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Chapter 11

Chapter 11 vocabulary

TermDefinition
Nitrogenous Base Carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
Double Helix Two DNA strands twisted together.
DNA Replication Chromosomes copied in the DNA.
Messenger RNA Brings instructions from DNA in nucleus to the cell's factory floor, the cytoplasm.
Ribosomal RNA Binds to the mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order.
Transfer RNA Transfer RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein.
Transcription Enzymes make an RNA copy of a protein of a DNA strand.
Codon Three nitrogenous bases in mRNA code for one amino acid. Each group is known as codon.
Translation Process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in protein.
Mutation Any change in the DNA sequence.
Point mutation Change in a single base pair in DNA.
Frameshift mutation A mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA.
Chromosomal mutations Structural changes in chromosomes.
Mutagen Any agent that can cause a change in DNA.
Created by: NickNorthe
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