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Chap. 11 Key Terms

DNA & Genes

TermDefinition
Nitrogenous Base is a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
Double Helix DNA's shape can be classified as this.
DNA Replication the DNA in chromosomes are copied through a process called this.
Messenger RNA a type of RNA that brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's factory floor, cytoplasm.
Ribosomal RNA makes up ribosomes and binds to mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order.
Transfer RNA the supplier.
Transcription process that occurs in the nucleus where enzymes make an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand.
Codon set of the 3 nitrogenous bases that represents an amino acid.
Translation the process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in a mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in protein.
Mutation any change in a DNA sequence.
Point Mutation is a change in a single base pair in DNA.
Framshift Mutation a mutation in which a single base is added or deleted to from DNA.
Chromosomal Mutation structural changes in chromosomes.
Mutagen any agent that can cause a change in DNA.
Created by: Evann Pollard
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