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Bio Lab Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| independent variable | condition, event, or treatment under study |
| dependent variable | condition or even that may change due to the independent variable |
| controlled group | will not be given a treatment, but will be exposed to all of the control variables in the same fashion as the treatment group |
| replicates | repeated trials |
| null hypothesis | a statement that presumes no change or effect as the result of a treatment |
| alternative hypothesis | describes change |
| treatment | condition that has one or more variables that differ |
| t-test | determine the probability that two averages or means come from same population or from two distinct populations. Gives you a p-value |
| If the p-value is equal to or smaller than a. then you ___ the null hypothesis | reject |
| if the p-value is greater than a, then you _____ the null hypothesis, state the data supports null | accept |
| how much larger an object appears under the microscope | Magnification |
| ability of the microscope lens to show detail | Resolution |
| # stamped on each objective and may or may not be followed by letters N.A. | Numerical aperture |
| molecules with charged sides | polar |
| no net charge | non polar |
| basic unit of life discovered by Robert Hooke | cell |
| bacteria and archea | prokaryotic |
| protist, fungi, plant, and animal cells, algae | Eukaryotic |
| is made up of two parts, a solvent and a solute (measured in molarity) | Solution |
| the bulk of solution usually water | solvent |
| the chemical that is being dissolved in the solvent | solute |
| result of random movement of individual molecules from a more concentration to a less concentrated region | diffusion |
| net diffusion of water across a semi-premeable membrane | osmosis |
| complex protein molecules that function by lowering activation energy | Enzymes |
| Each enzyme has an ____ where a substrate binds to. | active site |
| Amount of light that penetrates a solution | transmittance |
| process that allows glycolysis to occur without oxygen | fermentation |
| Glycolysis produces 2 ___, which serves as energy for the cell | ATP |
| When __ is oxidized, fermentation occurs | NADH |
| Production of RNA | transcription |
| Process that produces proteins | translation |
| __ are used to catalyze a reaction | enzymes |
| Process that produces new DNA molecules or copies | replication |
| Thymine | Adenine |
| Cytosine | Guanine |
| Phosphate-sugar backbone with nitrogenous base | DNA |
| Means of separating DNA fragments by their approximate sizes | Gel electrophoresis |
| Reproduction at cellular level occurs through ___ | mitosis |
| Mitosis is broken down into two processes: division of the __ and __ | cytokinesis and nucleus |
| All activities that occur in a cell make up a set of events known as __ __ | cell cycle |
| Cell cycle is divided into two phases: __ and ____ __ | interphase and mitotic phase |
| G1, S, G2 | Interphase |
| Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis | Mitotic phase |
| The __ is the functional unit of the nervous system | neuron |
| The ___ receive information in form of neurotransmitters that are released from nerves | dendrites |
| ___ cells make up the axon | Schwann |
| Where blood leaves discrete vessels to bathe at least some tissues directly | open circulatory system |
| functions to transport blood vessels to all areas of the body. Include arteries, veins, and capillaries | closed circulatory system |
| Arteries- arterioles- capillaries- ___ -veins | venules |
| Haploid egg and haploid sperm come together to form __ | diploid zygote |
| Once sperm has reached egg and fusses into __, egg becomes unresponsive to other sperm and hardens. | vitelline envelope |
| Blastomeres- ____-blastula | morula |
| Embryo is composed of 3 primary germ layers... | endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm |
| The __ is the layer that lines the archenteron | endoderm |
| Ectoderm is the surface of the __ | embryo |
| ___ separates archenteron and ectoderm | Mesoderm |
Created by:
laurenGfrazier
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