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BIOLOGY
asp1-B CELLS
| WORDS TO KNOW | DEFINITIONS |
|---|---|
| Active transport | Movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy |
| ATP | (Abbreviation for adenosine triphosphate) A compound, found in living cells, that can store and release energy |
| Cell wall | A barrier that surrounds the cells of organisms such as plants, algae, and fungi |
| Cells | The basic unit of all living things |
| Cellulose | Carbohydrates woven together to make up the cell wall in plants, algae, and fungi |
| Chlorophyll | A plant substance, usually green, that absorbs light energy for use in photosynthesis |
| Chloroplasts | The part of a plant where photosynthesis is carried out |
| Cytoplasm | A jellylike material in most cells that surrounds the nucleus |
| Dark phase | Second phase of photosynthesis during which light is not needed |
| Diffusion | The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| endoplasmic reticulum | A network of folded membranes within the cell that manufactures and stores many chemicals |
| Golgi complex | A series of flattened sacs within a cell where materials are modified, packaged, and distributed to other parts of the cell |
| Impermeable | Unable to be penetrated |
| Light phase | The stage of photosynthesis that is driven by energy from the sun |
| Lysosomes | Enzyme-containing cell parts that help digest food and break down old cell parts |
| Membrane | A thin, flexible sheet or layer |
| Mitochondria | Round or rod shaped structures in a cell in which food molecules are broken down to produce energy; the singular form is mitochondrion |
| Nuclear envelope | The membrane that surrounds the nucleus |
| Nucleoli | Organelles within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is produced; the singular form is nucleolus |
| Nucleus | The part of a cell that controls many of the functions of the cell and contains the organism's DNA |
| Organelles | Small structures inside cells that have specialized functions |
| Osmosis | Movement of water across a semipermeabe membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration |
| Passive transport | The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without use of energy by the cell |
| Permeable | Able to allow fluids and particles to pass through |
| Phosphate | An organic compound made up of a phosphorus atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms |
| Photosynthesis | A process which plants and some other organisms use energy from the sun to convert water and carbon dioxide to food |
| Respiration | The process of taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide |
| Ribosomes | Tiny structures that make proteins for the cells |
| Semipermeable | Able to allow some fluids and particles to pass through, but not others |
| Transport | The movement of fluids and nutrients around an organism's body |
| Vacuoles | Storage chambers in cells that are used to hold nutrients and wastes |
Created by:
MEL3024
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