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Ch.11 Vocab

Chapter 11 vocabulary biology

TermDefinition
nitrogenous base carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
DNA replication Process of copying DNA in the chromosomes
Messenger RNA Type of RNA that brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's cytoplasm.
Ribosomal RNA RNA makes up the ribosomes, clamps onto mRNA that makes up the ribosomes and uses its information to assemble amino acids in the correct order.
Transfer RNA RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins.
Transcription process in the cell nucleus where emzymes make an RNA copy of a DNA strand.
Codon set of three nitrogenous bases that represents an amino acid
Translation process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein.
mutation any change in the DNA sequence.
point mutation a change in a single base pair in DNA
frameshift mutation a single base is added to or deleted from DNA
chromosomal mutation Structual changes in chromosomes
mutagen any agent that can cause a change in DNA.
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