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Chapter 11 vocab.

QuestionAnswer
DNA replication process in which DNA in chromosomes is copied
double helix DNA composition of two strands twisted together
nitrogenous base a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen
codon set of three nitrogenous bases that represents amino acids; order of nitrogenous bases in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein
messenger RNA brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cells factory floor, the cytoplasma
ribosomal RNA binds to the mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order
Transcription process in the cell nucleus where enzymes make as RNA copy of a DNA strand
transfer RNA delivers amino acids to the the ribosome to be assembled into a protein
translation process converting information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in protein
chromosomal mutation structural changes in chromosomes
frameshift mutation mutation in which a single base it shifts the reading of codons by one base
mutagen any agent that can cause a change in DNA
mutation any change in the DNA sequence
point mutation a change in a single base pair in DNA
Created by: Jasmine Aguilar
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