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Ch.11

DNA and Genes

TermDefinition
DNA Replication the process of producing two identical copies from one original DNA molecule.
Double Helix a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, esp. that in the structure of the DNA molecule.
Nitrogenous Base A carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
Codon a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
Messenger RNA Brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's factory floor, the cytoplasm.
Ribosomal RNA Binds to the mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order.
Transcription Enzymes make an RNA copy of a protein of a DNA stand.
Transfer RNA The supplier. Transfers RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein.
Translation the process of moving something from one place to another.
Chromosomal Mutation any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism
Mutagen an agent, such as radiation or a chemical substance, that causes genetic mutation.
Mutation the action or process of mutatinge.
Point Mutation a mutation affecting only one or very few nucleotides in a gene sequence
Frameshift Mutation Mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA.
Created by: Mahala.s
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