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Chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| nitrogenous base | a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen |
| DNA replication | the DNA in the chromosomes is copied |
| messenger RNA | brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
| ribosomal RNA | binds to the mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order. |
| transfer RNA | delivers amino acids to the robosomes to be assembled into a protein |
| transcription | emzymes make an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand |
| codon | three nitrogeneous bases in mRNA code for one amino acid |
| translation | the process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogeneous vases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein |
| mutation | any change in the DNA sequence |
| point mutation | a chanfe in a isngle vase pair in DNA |
| frameshift mutation | a mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA |
| mutagen | any angent that can cause a change in DNA |
| double helix | DNA is composed of two stands twisted together |