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Digestion

Notes on digestion

TermDefinition
Digestion The process to break food down in out bodies.
Teeth - Incisors At the front of the mouth, and they are adapted for plucking, cutting, tearing and holding. The biting portion of an incisor is wide, thin, making a chisel-shaped. The upper incisors have delicate tactile sense allows them to identify objects.
Teeth - Canines Core shaped with pointed tip. Used for tearing/ slashing food not totally seperated by the action of the incisors.
Teeth - Bicuspids Premolars
Teeth - Molars With flattened crowns with prominent ridges. Used for crushing, mashing and grinding. And preparing it for the digestive process with enzymes.
Organ - Mouth Physical digestion with teeth by cutting, chewing etc. Chemical digestion by amylase breaking starch into glucose/ maltose. Turns food into a bolus. The start of the break down of food.
Organ - Stomach Digest by churning, the muscular walls releasing pepsinogen and hydrochloric acid which makes pepsin to digest proteins to polypeptides. The product now is called chyme.
Organ - Small Intestines Further digestion with carbohydrates into maltose. Proteins into polypeptides into amino acids. Fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Organ - Small Intestines (Villi) Gives a larger surface area for more digestion to be done. The products of digestion is absorbed from the guts by the capillaries into the bloodstream.
Enymes - Amylase To break down carbohydrates into smaller molecules such as glucose and maltose.
Enzymes - Pepsinogen - Stomamch Mixes with hydrochloric acid to make pepsin which digests proteins. It is released by chief cells.
Enzymes - Hydrochloric Acid - Stomach It mixes with pepsinogen to make pepsin which digests proteins. It is released by gastric pits in the stomach wall.
Enzymes - Pepsin - Stomach It digests proteins.
Enzymes - Lipase - Pancreas Breaks down fats into small fat particles for absorption into lacteal.
Enzymes - Bile - Liver Make fats into fatty acid and also breaks down fat into more water soluble particles.
Organ - Large Intestine Takes water out of wastes.
Organ - Oesophagus A hollow tube from the back of buccal cavity to the stomach to transport bolus using peristalsis.
Organ - Appendix A bag, useless to humans.
Peristalsis Smooth muscle contract behind the bolus. Waves of contraction forces the food down.
Organ - Liver Provides bile to small intestines.
Created by: sharonlai2
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