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BJU BIO CH 11
march bio ch 11 key terms
| Key Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| amoeba proteus | the common amoeba |
| eyespots | areas of pigment that detect light intensity |
| protozoans | animal-like protists |
| ectoplasm | thin, watery cytoplasm found just inside the plasma membrane |
| endoplasm | dense, thick cytoplasm found in the interior of the amoeba |
| nucleus | controls the metabolism of the cell |
| contractile vacuoles | collect and eliminate extra body shape |
| pseudopod | "false foot," caused the streaming of the endoplasm |
| amoeboid movement | method of movement used by the amoeba as it sends out "false feet" |
| taxis | response to stimli |
| entamoeba histolytica | causes amoebic dysentary |
| amoebic dysentery | a severe intestinal infection spread through contaminated food or water |
| pellicle | firm yet flexible covering outside the cell membrane that gives paramecium its slipper shape |
| avoiding reaction | if a paramecium bumps into an object, it will back up, turn, and move forward again; also avoids chemicals and temperature extremes in same manner |
| trichocysts | tiny organelles under the pellicle that discharge filaments into the water for defense |
| oral groove | a funnel-shaped indentation lined with cilia that sweep food through the mouth pore into the gullet |
| macronucleus | contains multiple copies of the cell's genetic material; aids in metabolism and asexual reproduction |
| micronucleus | smaller nucleus that functions in the exchange of genetic information during conjugation |
| conjugation | means of sexual reproduction where 2 paramecia attach at their oral grooves and exchange genetic material |
| binary fission | a method of sexual reproduction where the nuclear material is copied and the parent cell divides into 2 equal cells |
| plankton | tiny floating aquatic organisms |
| phytoplankton | floating photosynthetic organisms; mostly algae |
| zooplankton | floating animals or protozoans |
| thallus | the basic unit of an alga |
| filament | slender, threadlike chain of cells |
| holdfast | anchors some algal colonies to submerges objects |
| sessile | algae that are attached to something |
| air bladders | small, air-filled spaces that cause a thallus to float |
| pellicle | the covering that gives the euglena its spindle shape |
| euglenoid movement | the euglena draws up in a round ball and then reextends itself forward |
| motile | able to move from place to place |
| cyst | a protective shell formed when conditions become unfavorable |
| protist | any organism that is not animal, plant, or fungus |
| ciliate | a protozoan that possesses cilia |
| mouth pore | an opening at the end of the oral groove in which food enters the body. |
| gullet | a food passageway into the digestive tract |
| malaria | an illness that causes fatigue, thirst, and high fever alternating with chills |
| zooflagellate | protozoans that propel themselves by means of one or more flagella |
| algae | “grass of many waters” |
| aquaculture | the farming of ponds, lakes, and the sea |
| zoospore | a motile, swimming spore; possesses cilia or flagella |
| isogamete | gametes that are similar in size and shape |
| gametangia | specialized cells that produce isogametes |
| heterogamete | gametes that differ in size and shape |
| Oogonium | the structure that produces the ovum |
| Fragmentation | a form of reproduction caused by the breaking of a colonial organism by a physical disturbance |
| Pyrenoids | protein-containing structures present in chloroplasts of algae; center for starch storage |
| Bloom condition | rapid, seasonal reproduction of a particular organism in an optimal environment |
| Water mold | seen on dead fish or other floating dead organic matter; appear as branching filamentous growth of cells |
| Blight | a disease of plants that causes rapid destruction of leaves and stems, resulting in death of the plant |
| Slime mold | heterotrophic organism once regarded as a fungus but later classified with the Protista |
| Fruiting body | fungus like structures formed during reproductive phase of slime molds; produce spores |
| Cellular slime mold | members of phylum Acrasiomycota |
| Plasmodial slime mold | members of phylum Myxomycota |
Created by:
marchbio
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