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Lymphatic system
Chapt 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 major roles of the lymphatic system? | Return interstitial fluid to the blood supply and to filter the lymph activate the immune cells |
| Lymph means what? | fluid |
| whats is lymph node? | lymphatic follicles |
| What are some characteristics of lymphatic capillaries? | -Remarkably permeable -absorption of interstitial fluid -lacteals-small intestines |
| Define minivalves | made up of endothelial cells one way -absorption of interstitial fluid |
| define lacteals | -small intestines -absorb digestive lipids from the small intestines -then lipids go into the blood |
| lymphatic collecting vessels | help move the lymph fluid |
| Facts about lymphatic collecting vessels | -3 tunics -internal valves-one way -more than you would find in veins -large lumens -run parallel to aerteries -pulsation compresses the lymphatic vessel |
| vaso vasorum is what? | small blood vessels that supply the walls of large blood vessels |
| Lymphatic trunks | a. Thoracic duct b.right lymphatic duct |
| Thoracic duct does what? | collects lymph from the lower body |
| right lymphatic duct does what? | collects lymph from upper body |
| Lymphoid cells: Macrophages | cleanses the lypmh activate t & b cells |
| lymphoid cells: Dendritic cells | activate t&b cells -Called APC(antigen presenting cells) -antigen means any foreign object ie.toxin,virus,bacteria |
| Lymphoid cells: reticular cells | -reticular fibers -covered by microphages -filter |
| Lymphoid cells: Lymphocytes | T cells -kill virus/bacteria infected cells -kills cancer cells -Bcells-immune cells -make antibodies |
| B cells | Make antibodies |
| T cells | destroy the bacteria..kniwn as killer cells |
| Antigen | any foreign substance ie virus,bacteria,toxin |
| Diffuse Lymphatic tissue | -scattered in all organs -immune cells |
| Where are there larger collections of lymphatic tissue? | The intestines/lungs -Called MALT-mucosae lympatic tissue |
| Lymph nodes are the principal lymphoid organs of the body. Their two basic functions are? | -filter lymph -assist immune system build immune response |
| What is the structure of the lymph node? | -fibrous capsule -internal regions:1.cortec2.medulla |
| cortex of the lymph node contains- | contain lymphatic follicles or nodules with germinal centers |
| medulla | -Afferent lymphatic vessels (arrive) bring lymph into the lymph node - Efferent lymphatic vessels (exit) leave the lymph node through the hilus. |
| Trabeculae | fibers-structure in the spleen ,connective tissue strands that extend in to divide the node into compartments |
| spleen | a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm |
| thymus | a ductless glandular organ at the base of the neck that produces lymphocytes and aids in producing immunity |
| Palatine Tonsils | located on the left and right sides of the throat in the area that is visible through the mouth |
| lingual tonsils | Collection of lymphoid follicles on the base, posterior, or pharyngeal portion of the dorsum of the tongue. |
| Pharyngeal Tonsils | a collection of lymphatic tissue in the throat behind the uvula (on the posterior wall and roof of the nasopharynx) |
| plasma cells | ells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies |
| macrophages | Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream. |
| dendritic cells | specialized white blood cells that patrol the body searching for antigens that produce infections |
| reticular cells | produce reticular fiber stroma (network for other cells) |
| stoma | the supporting tissue of an organ (as opposed to parenchym |
| reticular connective tissue | Composed of reticular fibers within a gel-like ground substance. Cellular components are fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and other blood cells. Located in LYMPH NODES, SPLEEN, BONE MARROW. |
| Diffuse Lymphatic Tissue | scattered reticular tissue elements and associated lymphocytes; found in about every organ but especially in mucous membrane lining the respiratory and digestive tracts |
| lymphoid Follicles | solid, spherical bodies consisting of tightly packed reticular elements and cells- often form parts of larger lymphoid organs (found isolated in distal small intestine and appendix) |
| capsule | sticky, gelatinous substance around the cell wall; allows cells to stick together or to the host cell |
| cortex | the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure in plant or animal |
| medulla | the inner part of an organ or structure in plant or animal |
| medullary cords | extend from the cortex and contain B cells, T cells, and plasma cells |
| lymph sinuses | Spaces between these groups of lymphatic tissues. These spaces contain a network of fibers and the macrophage cells. |
| Afferent Lymphatic Vessels | Vessels that bring lymph draining from connective tissue into a lymph node en route to the blood. |
| Subcapsular Sinus | region within lymph node immediately deep to capsule, contains relatively sparse lymphocytes, allows lymph to flow freely through it |
| Hilum | anatomy) a depression or fissure where vessels or nerves or ducts enter a bodily organ |
| Efferent Lymphatic Vessels | Vessels leaving the lymph node |
| white pulp | That region of the spleen within PALS; predominant immune cell is the T cell and where primary T cell responses can occu |
| red pulp | consists of reticular cells and fibers(cords of Billroth), surrounds the splenic sinuses |
| splenic cords | network of reticular cells which produce reticular fibers; spaces between fibers are occuplied by macrophages and blood cells that have come from the capillaries; located in spleen |
| thymus | a ductless glandular organ at the base of the neck that produces lymphocytes and aids in producing immunity |
| Palatine Tonsils | located on the left and right sides of the throat in the area that is visible through the mouth |
| lingual tonsils | Collection of lymphoid follicles on the base, posterior, or pharyngeal portion of the dorsum of the tongue. |
| appendix | a vestigial process that extends from the lower end of the cecum and that resembles a small pouch |
| Peyer's Patches | Lymphoid follicles situated along the wall of the small intestine that trap antigens from the gastrointestinal tract and provide sites where B and T cells can interact with antigen |
| malt | mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue; composted of Peyer's patches, tonsils, appendix and lymphoid nodules in the bronchii; protects passages that open to exterior from the nerver-ending onslaughts of foreing matter entering them |
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system? | fluid reclamation, fluid filtration, immune surveillance |
| he lymphatic system returns to the _____ any fluids that have escaped the blood vessels | blood |
| The lymphatic system filters fluid via phagocytic activity of _____ before returning it to the blood | macrophages |
| The lymphatic system helps activate the functional immune system by exposing _____ to antigens being returned to the blood; thus activating (sensitizing) them to these antigens | lymphocytes |
| lymph flows only toward the ______ in lymphatic vessels | heart |
| there are no lymph capillaries in the ___ | bone marrow, teeth, CNS |
| What are the cells that are found in the lymph nodes that stimulate the immune system to respond? | lymphocytes, macrophages |
Created by:
creyesz
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