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Chapter 8 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic Solution | the concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as concentration of dissolved sabstances in the cell |
| Hypotonic Solution | in cells, the solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is lower in the solution outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell; causes a cell to swell a possibly burst as water enters the cell |
| Hypertonic Solution | the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than inside the cell |
| Passive Transport | no energy to move particles |
| Facilitated Diffusion | passive transport of materials across the membrane using transport proteins |
| Active Transport | uses engery to move particles |
| Endocytosis | process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment |
| Exocytosis | the expulsion or secretion of materials from a cell |
| Chromosomes | structures that contain DNA ans become darkly colored when stained |
| Cell Cycle | sequence of growth and division of a cell |
| Interphase | the majority of a cells life is spent in the growth period |
| Mitosis | cell enters its period of nuclear division |
| Prophase | the first and longest phase of mitosis, the long, stingy chromatin coils up into visible chromosomes |
| Sister Chromatids | the two halves of the double structure |
| Centromere | Sister Chromatids are held together by this structure |
| Centrioles | small, dark, cylindrical structure that are made of microtubules and are located outside the nucleus |
| Spindle | a football- shaped, cage like structure consisting of thin fibers made of microtubles |
| Metaphase | short second phase of mitosis, the double chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers by their centromeres |
| Anaphase | 3rd phase of mitosis |
| Telophase | begins as the chromatids reach the opposite poles of the cells |
| Cytokinesis | following telophase, the cells cytoplasm divides |
| tissue | cell growth and reproduction result in groups of cells that work together |
| organs | perform more complex roles within the organism |
| organ System | multiple organs that work together |
| Cancer | a malignant growth resulting from uncontrolled cell division |
| Gene | a segment of DNA that controls the production of a protein |
Created by:
_hannahmiley
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