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Term 2 Biology Recap

QuestionAnswer
Silent mutation? When mutation occurs but the overall protein remains the same
Nonsense mutation? 1 base is substituted for another. Codons encode for the 'stop' codon which causes the forming polypeptide chain to cease
Missense mutation? 1 base is substituted for another. Different codons produce different amino acid sequence.
Single base insertion? 1 base is inserted. Produces changes to the codon and the sequence for all following amino acids. Also called frameshift because bases are moved back by one position
Single base deletion? 1 base is deleted. Produces changes to codon and all sequential amino acids. Also called frameshift because bases are moved forward by one position
What does helicase do? Unwinds the parental double helix
What does Primase do? Puts the RNA primer in place so that DNA synthesis can begin
What does DNA polymerase do? Responsible for the actual synthesis of DNA, matches the complementary bases and joins them to the template strand of DNA
What does ligase do? Joins together newly synthesised pieces of DNA
What is the base pairing for DNA replication? A-T, G-C
What is the base pairing for protein synthesis? A-U, G-C
Created by: ceekayb
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