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Landons Ch.6 terms

TermDefinition
Acid Any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water and has a Ph below 7
Atom Smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of an element; basic building block of all matter
Base Any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water and has a ph above 7
Compound Substances composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemicaly combined
Covalent Bond Chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Element Substance that cant be broken down into simpler substances
Ion Atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons; has an electrical charge
Ionic Bond Chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposing charge
Isotape Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of nuetrons in the nucleus
Metabalism All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism
Mixture Combination of substances in which individual components retain their own proporties
Molecule A group of atoms held together by covalant bonds; has no overall charge
Nucleus Positively charged center of an atom composed of nutrons and protons; surrounded by electrons
pH Measure of how acidic or basic a solutions is; the scale ranges from zero to 14; above a seven ph is acid, below a seven is basic
Solution Mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance
Diffusion Random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
Dynamic Equilibrium Result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall charge in concentration
Hydrogen Bond Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positiveley charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms
Polar Molecule Molecule with an uneven distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive and a negative end
Amino Acid Basic building blocks of of protein molecules
Carbohydrate organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon and hydrogen
Enzyme Type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemical reactions
Isomer Compounds with the same simple formula but different three dimensional structures resulting in different properties
Lipid large organic compound made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen, found in waxes fats insoluable in water
Nucleic Acid Complex biomolecule such as rna and dnA
Peptide Bond Covalent bond formed between amino acids
Polymer A large molecule formed of smaller molecules
Protein Large complex polymer essential to life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfer
Created by: LandonWest
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