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Biochemistyyyy

TermDefinition
Acid any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water and has a pH below 7
Atom smallest particle of the element
Base any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water and has a pH above 7
Compound substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined
Covalent Bond chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Element substance that can be broken down into simpler chemical substances
Ion atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons
Ionic Bond chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge
Isotope atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nicleus
Metaboblism all the chemical reactions that occur within an organism
Mixture combination of substances in which individuals components retain their own properties
Molecule group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; has no overall charges
Nucleus positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and protons, surrounded negatively charged electrons
pH measure of how acidic or basic solution is; the scale ranges from below 0 to above 14 ; solution with pH above 7 is basic and below 7 is acidic
Solution mixture in which one or more substance s are distributed evenly in another substance
Diffusion net, random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration
Dynamic Equilibrium result of diffusion where there is contionious movement of particles but no overall change in concentration
Hydrogen Bond weak chemical bond formed by attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms
Polar Molecule molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end
Amino Acid basic building blocks of protein molecules
Carbohyrdrate organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Enzyme type of protein found in all living things that can change the rate of chemical reaction
Isomer compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical propertites
Lipid large organic compound made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen
Nucleic Acid complex biomolecules, such as RNA and DNA, that store cellular informtion in cells in the form of a code
Nucleotide subnits of nucleic acid formed from simple sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base
Peptide Bond covalent bond formed between amino acids
Polymer large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
Protein large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; provides structure for tissues and organs and helps carry out cell metabolism
Created by: emmawhitesell
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