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Chapter 6 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| elements | a substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances. |
| atom | smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of the element. |
| nucleus | center of an atom |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. |
| compound | a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elments that are chemically combined. |
| covalent bond | force that holds atoms together |
| molecule | a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
| ionic bond | the attractive force between two ions of opposite charge |
| metabolism | all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism |
| mixture | a combination of substances in which the individual componets retain their own properties |
| solution | a mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance. |
| pH | a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is |
| acid | any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water |
| base | any substance that fors hydroxide ions in water. |
| polar molecule | a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge |
| hydrogen bond | weak bond formed when opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen |
| diffusion | the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| dynamic equilibrium | the condition in which there is continuous movement but no overall concentration change |
| isomers | compounds that have the same chemical formula but different three dimensional structures |
| polymer | a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| carbohydrate | a biomolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for every carbon atom. |
| lipids | large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. |
| protein | a large, complex polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |
| amino acids | basic building blocks of proteins |
| peptide bond | covalent bond formed between the amino acids |
| enzyme | a protein that changes the rate of chemical reaction |
| nucleic acid | a complex biomolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code |
| nucleotides | nucleic acids are polymers made of smaller subunits |
Created by:
kaitlinroberts
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