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DJ vocab
Vocabulary chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetics | Scientific study of heredity. |
| Trait | Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another. |
| Hybrid | Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits. |
| Gene | Sequence of DNA that codes for protein and thus determines a trait. |
| Allele | One of a number of different forms of a gene. |
| Segregation | Separation of alleles during gamete formation. |
| Genotype | Genetic make up of an organism. |
| Independent Assortment | Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes. |
| Homologous | Term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent. |
| Diploid | Term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes. |
| Haploid | Term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes. |
| Meiosis | Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell. |
| Tetrad | Structure containing four chromatids that forms during meiosis. |
| Crossing-over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. |