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Biology Vocab 33.1-4
Chapter 33
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Neurons | Specialized cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret info, and react to it |
| Dendrites | receive impulses from other neurons and conduct impulses to cell body |
| Cell Body | Where the nucleus of the neuron and many of the cell organelles are found |
| Axon | carries nerve impulses from the cell body to other neurons and muscles |
| Reflex Arc | Nerve pathway that consists of a sensory neuron, an inter-neuron, and a motor neuron |
| Action Potential | another name for a nerve impulse |
| Threshold | m minimum required stimulus to cause an action potential |
| Nodes | Many gaps along the myelin along an axon |
| Synapse | A small gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron |
| Neurotransmitter | A chemical that diffuses across a synapse and binds to receptors on the dendrite of a neighboring neuron |
| Central Nervous System | Made up from the inter-neurons of the brain and the spinal cord |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Consists of the sensory neurons and motor neurons that carry info to and from the CNS |
| Cerebrum | Largest part of the brain band is divided into 2 hemispheres |
| Medulla Oblongata | Relays signals between the brain and the spinal cord |
| Pons | Relays signals between the cerebrum and the cerebellum |
| Hypothalamus | Regulates body temp.. thirst, appetite, and water balance |
| Somatic Nervous System | Relays info. from external sensory receptors to the CNS |
| Autonomic Nervous System | Carries impulses from the CNS to the heart and other internal organs |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | stress |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Relaxed |
| Taste Buds | Areas of specialized chemical receptors on the tongue that detect the tastes |
| Lens | inverts image and projects it to retina |
| Retina | contains numerous receptor cells called rods and cones |
| Rods | light sensitive cells that are excited by low levels of light |
| Cones | Function in bright light and provide info. about color to the brain |
| Cohlea | Snail shaped structure in inner ear that is filled with fluid and lined with tiny hair cells |
| Semicircular Canals | Transmit info about body balance and position to the brain |
| Drug | a substance that alters he function of the body |
| Dopamine | neurotransmitter found in the brain that is involved with the control of body movements and other functions |
| Stimulants | drugs that increase alertness and physical activity |
| Depressants | Drugs that slow down the CNS |
| Tolerance | when a person needs more and more of the same drug to get the same effect |
| Addiction | the psychological and physiological dependence on a drug |
Created by:
jackieo98
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