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Taxonomy, Microorgan

bio; chapter 18 and 19

TermDefinition
taxonomy classifying organisms
binomial nominclature two-word naming system *homo sapius
genus group of closely related species
kingdom group of related phylums: 6
domain largest classification system: 3
phylogeny diagram that shows evelutionary relationships among organisms
bacillus (bacilli) rod-shaped prokaryote
coccus (cocci) shyrical (round) prokaryote
spirillum (spirilla) spirial/cork-screw prokaryote
chemoheterotroph organism that must take in organic molecules for energy and carbon
chemoautotroph organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions
photoheterotroph organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source
photoautotroph organism that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds
obligate anaerobe organism that can not live in the presence of oxygen
obligate aerobe organism that requires a constant supplise of oxygen
facultative anaerobe organism that can live with or without a supply of oxygen
binary fission type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half
conjugation form of seual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic info
endospore formed when a bacterium produces a thick wall that encloses its DNA and some cytoplasm
nitrogen fixation process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
virus particle made of nuclaic acid, protein and (some cases) lipids - only replicated by infecting living cells
capsid outer protein coat of a virus
bacteriophage virus that infects a bacteria
lytic infection virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes cell to burst
lysogenic infection virus embeds its DNA inside the host cell, and is replicated with the host cells DNA
prophage viral DNA that is embedded in host cells DNA
retrovirus virus that contains RNA as its genetic info
pathogen disease-causing agent
vaccine a preperation of weakened or killed pathogenes
antibiotic compound that blocks the groath and reproduction of bacteria
viroid single-strand RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsid
prion infectios particle made of protein rather than DNA or RNA
Created by: han.banan14
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