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B1 Homeostasis
Edexcel B1 homeostasis blood glucose levels and body temperature
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The process which helps maintain a constant internal environment in our bodies is called…..? | HOMEOSTASIS |
| This must be kept constant in order for enzymes to work at their optimum. | TEMPERATURE |
| Explain how vasoconstriction reduces heat loss | Blood vessels narrow (get thinner), so LESS blood goes through, so LESS heat is lost by RADIATION |
| Explain how hair rising reduces heat loss | a layer of air is trapped, air acts as an insulator |
| Explain how sweating reduces the body temperature | As water evaporates, heat is taken from the skin: this cools you down |
| Explain how vasodilation reduces the body temperature | Blood vessels widen, so MORE blood goes through, so MORE heat is lost by RADIATION |
| Explain how shivering helps you increase body temperature | as muscle cells contract and relax, sugar is burned and heat is released |
| What is the part of the brain that monitors (ie checks) body temperature? | HYPOTHALAMUS |
| What is wrong with this statement: shivering keeps you warm | shivering increases body temperature: shivering PRODUCES heat; the statement implied that you were warm before shivering. |
| The amount of this in our bodies is controlled by the kidneys. | WATER |
| This is controlled by hormones released from the pancreas. | BLOOD SUGAR |
| This is a disease which prevents the control of blood sugar. | DIABETES |
| The body must be kept around this temperature. | 37ºC. |
| These are chemical messengers. | HORMONES |
| These make and secrete hormones into the blood. | ENDOCRINE GLANDS |
| These nerve cells are found clumped together in the sense organs and they detect any changes. | RECEPTORS |
| These are organs or muscles which respond to a stimulus. | EFFECTOR |
| These organs help control the amount of water and ions in our body. | KIDNEYS |
| This is a gland found in the centre of the brain which makes and secretes specific hormones. | PITUITARY GLAND |
| These are protein molecules which speed up reactions and work more effectively in out body at 37ºC. | ENZYMES |
| This organ secretes hormones which are necessary for maintaining blood sugar levels. | PANCREAS |
| This is the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body's cells. | GLUCOSE |
| Name the hormone that lowers blood sugar levels | INSULIN |
| Name the hormone that increases blood sugar levels | GLUCAGON |
| Name the chemical/carbohydrate stored in liver cells that can be released as sugar if needed | GLYCOGEN |
| Name the organ that produces Insulin and Glucagon | PANCREAS |
| Describe what happens when blood sugar levels are too high | Insulin is released from the pancreas; insulin tells liver cells to convert glucose into glycogen; the levels of glucose decrease |
| Describe what happens when blood sugar levels are too low | Glucagon is released from the pancreas; glucagon tells liver cells to convert glycogen into glucose; the levels of glucose increase |
| What happens to the levels of sugar after a meal? | Levels of blood sugar increase |
| What happens to the levels of sugar during exercise? | Levels of blood sugar drop |
| Explain why people get type 1 diabetes | because they can not make insulin (or not enough) |
| Explain why people get type 2 diabetes | because the liver cells do not respond to insulin (these people still produce insulin) |
| Who gets type 2 diabetes? | older people, that may be overweight |
| Who gets type 1 diabetes? | young people |
| What do people suffering from type 2 diabetes do to reduce blood sugar levels? | exercise regularly and watch their diet |
| What do people suffering from type 1 diabetes do to reduce blood sugar levels? | inject insulin |
| What is BMI? | a method to work out if you are overweight |
| An oil that makes you waterproof and kills germs | Sebum |
| Where sweat is made | Sweat gland |
| The tube that sweat travels through | Sweat duct |
| Where sweat appears on the surface | Sweat pore |
| The outer layer of skin, made of dead cells | Epidermis |
| We all have a layer of it for insulation | Fat |
| A hole that a hair grows from | Hair follicle |
| A shaft of material that grows out from your skin | Hair |
| A muscle that controls your hair | Hair erector muscle |
| The type of blood vessel found in your skin | Capillaries |
Created by:
ursulinebio
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