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STAR Genetics

Terminology related to Genetics Standards 2-5

TermDefinition
mutations Leading cause of genetic variation
meiosis Produces for different haploid gametes
gametes Sperm or egg cells
haploid (N) Half the number of chromosomes
diploid (2N) Full set of chromosomes
zygote Fertilized egg
crossing over Happens during prophase I, leads to genetic variation
fertilization When egg meets sperm
Gonads or Testes and ovaries or Reproductive Cells Location of meiosis
independent assortment Genes for different traits separate without influencing each other
Heterozygous, Tt Different alleles
Homozygous, TT or tt Same alleles
Phenotype Physical appearance
cell specialization Different genes are expressed for different types of cells
uracil Base the differs in RNA from DNA
nucleotide Consists of sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
transgenic organisms Organisms containing DNA from a different organism
restriction endonuclease Cuts DNA
gel electrophoresis separates DNA
transformation Process through which foreign DNA is inserted into a bacterial plasmid
plasmid Circular DNA found in bacterial cells
Created by: Mrs.Benc
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