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Inheritance of Trait
Bio B Chapter 26
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Genetics | The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring. |
Gene | Small section of a chromosome that determines a specific trait for an organism. |
Dominant gene | One that keeps other genes from showing their traits. |
Recessive gene | Does not show traits when a dominant gene is present. |
Pure | Both genes are the same. |
Pure dominant | Organism with two dominant genes for a trait. |
Pure recessive | Organism with two recessive genes for a trait. |
Heterozygous | Individual with one dominant and one recessive gene for a trait. |
Homozygous | Individual with two identical genes for a trait. |
Punnett square | A way to predict what traits offspring might get from parents. |
Capital letter | represents a dominant gene |
Lowercase letter | represents a recessive gene |
DD | Homozygous dominant; pure dominant |
bb | Pure recessive; homozygous recessive |
Ss x Ss | Cross between two heterozygous parents |
TT x tt | Cross between pure dominant and pure recessive; resulting in all heterozygous offspring |
Expected results | Can be predicted |
Body cell | Has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) |
Sex sell | 23 chromosomes (Half as many chromosomes as a body cell) |
Nucleus | Chromosomes are located here inside most cells |
Mendel | Studied genetics in pea plants |
Observed results | Results that can be seen |
Tt | Heterozygous |
Genotype | Genes for a trait that cannot be seen; TT, Tt, tt |
Phenotype | Physical appearance of a trait that can be seen; Brown hair, blue eyes, dimples |