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Inheritance of Trait

Bio B Chapter 26

QuestionAnswer
Genetics The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
Gene Small section of a chromosome that determines a specific trait for an organism.
Dominant gene One that keeps other genes from showing their traits.
Recessive gene Does not show traits when a dominant gene is present.
Pure Both genes are the same.
Pure dominant Organism with two dominant genes for a trait.
Pure recessive Organism with two recessive genes for a trait.
Heterozygous Individual with one dominant and one recessive gene for a trait.
Homozygous Individual with two identical genes for a trait.
Punnett square A way to predict what traits offspring might get from parents.
Capital letter represents a dominant gene
Lowercase letter represents a recessive gene
DD Homozygous dominant; pure dominant
bb Pure recessive; homozygous recessive
Ss x Ss Cross between two heterozygous parents
TT x tt Cross between pure dominant and pure recessive; resulting in all heterozygous offspring
Expected results Can be predicted
Body cell Has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
Sex sell 23 chromosomes (Half as many chromosomes as a body cell)
Nucleus Chromosomes are located here inside most cells
Mendel Studied genetics in pea plants
Observed results Results that can be seen
Tt Heterozygous
Genotype Genes for a trait that cannot be seen; TT, Tt, tt
Phenotype Physical appearance of a trait that can be seen; Brown hair, blue eyes, dimples
Created by: Ensmingern
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