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Chapter 12-1.
vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sex Chromosome | Contains genes that determain the gender of an individual |
| Autosome | Chromosomes that do not determain the sex of the individual |
| Sex-Linked Trait | Trait that is coded for by the allele on a sex chromosome |
| Linked Gene | genes that tend to be inherited together |
| Chromosome Map | diagram that shows the linear order of genes on a chromosome |
| Map Unit | the frequency of crossing over is 1% |
| Germ-Cell Mutation | Occur in the organisms gametes. Do not affect the organism but can be passed to the offspring |
| Somatic-Cell Mutation | Take place in the body cells and can affect the organism |
| Lethal Mutation | Cause death often before birth |
| Deletion | Loss of a piece of chromosome due to breakage |
| Inversion | A chromosome segment breaks off, flips around backward and reattaches |
| Translocation | A piece of the chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous chromosome |
| Nondisjunction | A chromosome fails to seperate from its homologue during meiosis |
| Point Mutation | Change that occurs within a single gene or another segment of DNA on a chromosome |
| Substitution | One nucleotide replaces another |
| Frameshift Mutation | When one or more nucleotides in a gene are lost which can cause incorrect grouping of the remaining codons making all amino acids downstream change |
| Insertion Mutation | one or more nucleotides are added to a gene which can also result in a frameshift mutation |
Created by:
mccuddenm16
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