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Ch 9 Sec 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| genetics | the science of heredity and the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
| trait | a genetically determined characteristic |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures (anthers) to the tip of a female reproductive structure (pistill) of a flower in angiosperms or to the ovule in gymnosperms |
| self pollination | the transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant |
| cross pollination | a reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant |
| true breeding | describes organisms or genotypes that are gomozygous for a specific trait and thus always produce offspring that have te same phenotype for that trait |
| P generation | parent generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross |
| F1 generation | the first generation of offspring obtained from an expiermental cross of two organisms |
| F2 generation | the second generation of offspring, obtained from an expiermental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation |
| dominant | describes the allele that is fully expressed when carried by only one of a pair of homologous chromosomes |
| recessive | describes a trait or allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same charcteristic are inherited |
| law of segreagation | Mendels law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes seperate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete |
| law of independent assortment | the law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis |
| molecular genetics | the study of the structure of nucleic acids and the function and regulation of genes |
| allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
Created by:
caseydingwall23
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