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Ch.16PRIMATES
(Biology) Ch. 16 Primates Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The condition of no longer existing... | Extinction |
| Humanlike primates that appear to be more closely related to present-day human that to present-day chimps... | Hominin |
| Tree-dwelling... | Arboreal |
| Land-dwelling... | Terrestrial |
| Overlapping fields of vision... | Binocular vision |
| Active during the day... | Diurnal |
| Active during the night... | Nocturnal |
| Human-like primate... | Hominin |
| A digit set apart from the others that can be brought across the palm or foot to touch or nearly touch other digists... | Opposable digit |
| Tail that functions like a fifth limb... | Prehensile tail |
| To become different in character or form... | Diverge |
| Suitable for diverse diets... | Unspecialized teeth |
| Extended dependency period to allow time to learn complex social interactions... | Low reproductive rate |
| Enhanced memory and coordination; problem-solving abilities and well developed social skills... | Large complex brain |
| Wet-nosed primates... | Strepsirrhines |
| Dry-nosed primates... | Haplorines |
| What is special about the island of Madagascar that makes it a great place to study evolution? | Isolated |
| First primates appeared... | 85 mya |
| Anthropoids diverged from tarsiers... | 50 mya |
| Earliest primate fossils appeared... | 60 mya |
| New world monkeys diverged from old world monkey line... | 35-25 mya |
| Flowering trees provided a new food source as well as new living environments; which most likely spurred the evolution of ____ living... | Arboreal |
| Organelle found in eukaryotic cells containing genetic material and responsible for cellular energy... | Mitochondria |
| First fully modern human group; expressed itself symbolically and artistically... | Cro-Magnon |
| Genus that includes living and extinct humans... | Homo |
| Distinct human species that evolved exclusively in Europe and Asia; larger and more heavily muscled than modern humans... | Neanderthal |
| Modern humans evolved from several dispersed populations of early Homo species at the same time in different areas of the world (convergent evolution)... | Multiregional evolution model |
| Modern humans evolved only once, in Africa, and then migrated to all parts of the world... | Out of Africa hypothesis |
| ___ DNA is inherited only from the mother... | Mitochondrial |
| Evidence suggests they cared for their sick and buried their dead... | H. neanderthalensis |
| More versatile than predecessors; adapted successfully to a variety of environments... | H. erectus |
| First undisputed member of the Homo genus... | H. habilis |
| Nicknamed the "hobbit"... | H. florensiensis |
| Though to have had the first "human nose"... | H. ergaster |
| Limber shoulders and hips made for ease of... | Locomotion |
| Binocular vision led to advanced... | Depth perception |
| Subfamily that includes only humans and human ancestors... | Hominin |
| Order of animals characterized by flexible hands and feet... | Primate |
| Human-like primate... | Anthropoid |
| (T/F) The primate flexible hand might have evolved to catch insects... | T |
| (T/F) Arboreal adaptations allowed primitive primates to escape predators | F |
| (T/F) The earliest primate fossil might have resembled the modern tree shrew | T |
| (T/F) According to the fossil record, strepsirrhines were widespread by about 50 mya | T |
| (T/F) Early anthropoids had small brains | T |
| (T/F) When antrhopoids emerged, may strepsirrhines became extinct | T |
| (T/F) Aegyptopithecus fossils show neither haplorhine nor strepsirfhine features | F |
| Most primates have body types adapted for (hand over hand motion) or... | Brachiation |
| Most homo adaptations were a result to a ___ habitat... | Savanna |
| Small, apelike hominins that lived in Africa between 4.1-1 mya... | Australopithicine |
| A. afarensis was bipedal, but she exhibited apelike traits. What type of evolutionary pattern might account for this...? | Mosaic |
| First undisputed member of the hominin group... | A. africanus |
| Which species made the fossilized footprints which Mary Leakey discovered? | A. afarensis |
| Who found "Lucy?" | Donald Johansen |
| Who found and nicknamed the "Taung baby?" | Raymond Dart |
| The name ___ means "spirit of the night"... | Lemur |
| The earliest fossilized primate is the ____... | Altiatlasius |
| Longer arms than legs, larger brains in comparison with monkeys, barrel-shaped chests, o tails and flexible joints... | Apes |
| Characterized by a relatively long tail which is often prehensile... | New world monkeys |
| African apes live in family groups or small bands and display complex... | Social behaviors |
| Best known and some of the oldest hominoid fossils; had the smallest brain of the hominoid... | Proconsul |
| Monkeys and Apes (also including hominins) | Anthropoid |
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SavannahElkins
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