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Ch.16PRIMATES

(Biology) Ch. 16 Primates Review

QuestionAnswer
The condition of no longer existing... Extinction
Humanlike primates that appear to be more closely related to present-day human that to present-day chimps... Hominin
Tree-dwelling... Arboreal
Land-dwelling... Terrestrial
Overlapping fields of vision... Binocular vision
Active during the day... Diurnal
Active during the night... Nocturnal
Human-like primate... Hominin
A digit set apart from the others that can be brought across the palm or foot to touch or nearly touch other digists... Opposable digit
Tail that functions like a fifth limb... Prehensile tail
To become different in character or form... Diverge
Suitable for diverse diets... Unspecialized teeth
Extended dependency period to allow time to learn complex social interactions... Low reproductive rate
Enhanced memory and coordination; problem-solving abilities and well developed social skills... Large complex brain
Wet-nosed primates... Strepsirrhines
Dry-nosed primates... Haplorines
What is special about the island of Madagascar that makes it a great place to study evolution? Isolated
First primates appeared... 85 mya
Anthropoids diverged from tarsiers... 50 mya
Earliest primate fossils appeared... 60 mya
New world monkeys diverged from old world monkey line... 35-25 mya
Flowering trees provided a new food source as well as new living environments; which most likely spurred the evolution of ____ living... Arboreal
Organelle found in eukaryotic cells containing genetic material and responsible for cellular energy... Mitochondria
First fully modern human group; expressed itself symbolically and artistically... Cro-Magnon
Genus that includes living and extinct humans... Homo
Distinct human species that evolved exclusively in Europe and Asia; larger and more heavily muscled than modern humans... Neanderthal
Modern humans evolved from several dispersed populations of early Homo species at the same time in different areas of the world (convergent evolution)... Multiregional evolution model
Modern humans evolved only once, in Africa, and then migrated to all parts of the world... Out of Africa hypothesis
___ DNA is inherited only from the mother... Mitochondrial
Evidence suggests they cared for their sick and buried their dead... H. neanderthalensis
More versatile than predecessors; adapted successfully to a variety of environments... H. erectus
First undisputed member of the Homo genus... H. habilis
Nicknamed the "hobbit"... H. florensiensis
Though to have had the first "human nose"... H. ergaster
Limber shoulders and hips made for ease of... Locomotion
Binocular vision led to advanced... Depth perception
Subfamily that includes only humans and human ancestors... Hominin
Order of animals characterized by flexible hands and feet... Primate
Human-like primate... Anthropoid
(T/F) The primate flexible hand might have evolved to catch insects... T
(T/F) Arboreal adaptations allowed primitive primates to escape predators F
(T/F) The earliest primate fossil might have resembled the modern tree shrew T
(T/F) According to the fossil record, strepsirrhines were widespread by about 50 mya T
(T/F) Early anthropoids had small brains T
(T/F) When antrhopoids emerged, may strepsirrhines became extinct T
(T/F) Aegyptopithecus fossils show neither haplorhine nor strepsirfhine features F
Most primates have body types adapted for (hand over hand motion) or... Brachiation
Most homo adaptations were a result to a ___ habitat... Savanna
Small, apelike hominins that lived in Africa between 4.1-1 mya... Australopithicine
A. afarensis was bipedal, but she exhibited apelike traits. What type of evolutionary pattern might account for this...? Mosaic
First undisputed member of the hominin group... A. africanus
Which species made the fossilized footprints which Mary Leakey discovered? A. afarensis
Who found "Lucy?" Donald Johansen
Who found and nicknamed the "Taung baby?" Raymond Dart
The name ___ means "spirit of the night"... Lemur
The earliest fossilized primate is the ____... Altiatlasius
Longer arms than legs, larger brains in comparison with monkeys, barrel-shaped chests, o tails and flexible joints... Apes
Characterized by a relatively long tail which is often prehensile... New world monkeys
African apes live in family groups or small bands and display complex... Social behaviors
Best known and some of the oldest hominoid fossils; had the smallest brain of the hominoid... Proconsul
Monkeys and Apes (also including hominins) Anthropoid
Created by: SavannahElkins
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