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Ch.10 VOCAB

vocab

TermDefinition
evolution change in a species over time, process of bioloical change by which decendents come to differ from their ancestors
fossil a trace of an organism from the past
catastrophism theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions shaped Earths landforms and caused extinction of some species
species group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed to produce fertile offspring
gradualism principle that states that the changes in landforms result from slow changes over a long period of time
uniformitarianism theory that states that the geologic processes that shape Earth are uniform through time
variation differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs
adaptation inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment
artificial selection process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits
heritability ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next
natural selection mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals
population all of the individuals of a species that live in the same area
fitness measure of an organisms ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population
biogeography study of the distribution of organisms around the world
homologous structure body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions. ie wing vs arm
analogous structure body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism, but different in structure. ie wing of bat vs wing of insect
vestigial structure remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestor. ie ostrich wing & human appendix
paleontology study of fossils or extinct organisms
Created by: studyingat
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