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Microbial Ecology 2

Exam 2

TermDefinition
PCR POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
CAVEATS OF PCR EXTRACTION BIASES: INCOMPLETE CELL LYSIS, DEGRADATION, ET. PCR BIASES: LIMITATIONS TO AMPLICATIONS, PRIMER BIAS NOT TRULY QUANTITATIVE MUST RETURN TO ENVIRONMENT TO CHECK
RT-PCR RIVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PCR: CONVERT mRNA TO cDNA ALLOWS DETECTION OF ACTIVELY TRANSCRIBED GENES USING TRANSCRIPTOME
CLONING PCR PRODUCT SEPARATION LIGATION (TO VECTOR) TRANSFORMATION (VIA HEAT SHOCK OR ELECTROPORATION) SCREENING (SELECTIVE MEDIA)
SANGER SEQUENCING USES SAME PRIMER WITH dNTPS AND 1% ddNTPS TO GENERATE DIFFENT FRAGMENT LENGTH
DNA SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT ALIGN SEQUENCES FROM BLAST SEARCH AND COMPARE TO YOUR SPECIMEN
PARSIMONY FEWEST EVOLUTIONARY STEPS (BASE CHANGES)
DISTANCE (NEIGHBOR JOINING) FRACTION OF SITES THAT VARY BETWEEN SEQUENCES
MAXIMUM LIKLIHOOD TREE THAT MAXIMIZES PROBABILITY OF OBSERVING THE SEQUENCE DATA
FINGERPRINTING TECHNIQUES USED TO TAKE COMMUNITY SNAPSHOT DGGE; T-RFLP; ARISA ALLOW YOU TO DO MULTIPLE SAMPLES
DGGE DENATURING GRADIENT GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
TRFLP TERMINAL RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM
ARISA AMPLIFIED RIBOSOMAL INTERGENIC SPACER ANALYSIS
GENE PROBE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES WHICH ARE SHORT DNA COMPLIMENTARY TO GENE OF INTEREST (SIMILAR TO PRIMERS)
FISH FLOURESCENT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION: CELLS ARE PERSERVED WHOLE, MADE PERMEABILIZED W/FORMALDEHYDE AND THEN HYBRIDIZE WITH THE PROBES. UPON EXCITATION THEY EMIT LIGHT
CARD-FISH CATALYSIS REPORTER DEPOSITION: AMPLIFIES SIGNAL OF FISH PROBE
QUANTITATIVE MEMBRANE HYBRIDIZATION EXTRACT DNA; BLOT MEMBRANE; HYBRIDIZE PROBES; WASH EXCESS AND MEASURE RADIOACTIVITY
COLONY PLATE HYBRIDIZATION RAPID SCREENING; MUST BE CULTURABLE;
MICROARRAYS HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING; WHOLE GENOMES; COULD HAVE FALSE POSITIVES OR FALSE NEGATIVES; HYBRIDIZATION COULD BE DIFFICULT
GENE EXPRESSION MICROARRAYS DETERMINE WHICH GENES ARE BEING TRANSCRIBED
Created by: jackielera
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