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AP Bio

Chapter 20 vocab-evolution

QuestionAnswer
Evolution All the changes that have transformed life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity that characterizes it today.
natural selection Differential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting from the interaction of organisms with their environment. Evolution occurs when natural selection causes changes in relative frequencies of alleles in the gene pool.
evolutionary adaptations An accumulation of inherited characteristics that enhance organisms’ ability to survive and reproduce in specific environments.
fossils A preserved remnant or impression of an organism that lived in the past.
Taxonomy A set of characteristics used to assess the similarities and differences between various species, leading to a classification scheme; the branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying the diverse forms of life.
paleontology The scientific study of fossils.
gradualism A view of Earth’s history that attributes profound change to the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes.
artificial selection The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to encourage the occurrence of desirable traits.
biogeography The study of the past and present distribution of species.
homologous structures Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
vestigial organs A structure of marginal, if any, importance to an organism. Vestigial organs are historical remnants of structures that had important functions in ancestors.
Created by: swimifishi
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