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Chapter 10-4.
vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| RNA | natural polymor that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein sythesis |
| transcription | the process when DNA acts as a template for the sythesis of RNA |
| translation | RNA directs the assembly of proteins |
| protein sythesis | forming proteins based on information in DNA and carried out by RNA |
| ribose | cell organelle composed of RNA and protein that is the site of protein sythesis |
| messenger RNA | a single stranded RNA molecule that carries the instructions from a gene to make a protein |
| ribosomal RNA | part of the structure of ribosomes |
| transfer RNA | transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein |
| RNA polymerase | an enzyme that cataliyzes the formation of RNA on a DNA template |
| promoter | specific nucleotide sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds and initiates transcription |
| termination signal | a specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene |
| genetic code | the term for the rules that relate how a sequence of nitrogenous bases in nucleotides corresponds to a particular amino acid |
| codon | each three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start or stop signal |
| anticodon | three nucleotides on the RNA that are complemenary to the sequence of a codon in mRNA |
| genome | the complete human genetic content |